Subject-modifier/Linking clauses

Wearing a cloak and top hat, the audience members were dazzled by the magician.

• NO CHANGE

• The audience members, wearing a cloak and top hat, were dazzled by the magician.

• The audience members wearing a cloak and top hat were dazzled by the magician.

• The audience members were dazzled by the magician, wearing a cloak and top hat.

Though durable and inexpensive, the purchase of plastic material harms the environment.

• NO CHANGE

• purchasing plastic material

• plastic material

• you should not purchase plastic material because it

After missing an easy goal, the crowd booed the soccer player.

• NO CHANGE

• The crowd, after missing an easy goal, booed the soccer player.

• Booing the soccer player, the crowd missed an easy goal.

• After he missed an easy goal, the crowd booed the soccer player.

Though skinny and awkward from the outset, Conan's sense of humor made him a television success.

• NO CHANGE

• the sense of humor of Conan

• Conan had a sense of humor that

• sensing Conan's humor

In 2015, a team led by materials scientists Anirudha Sumant and Diana Berman succeeded in reducing the coefficient of friction (COF) between two surfaces to the lowest possible level—superlubricity. A nearly frictionless (and, as its name suggests, extremely slippery) state, ______

• reaching superlubricity occurs when two surfaces' COF drops below 0.01.

• superlubricity is reached when two surfaces' COF drops below 0.01

• when their COF drops below 0.01, two surfaces reach superlubricity

• two surfaces, when their COF drops below 0.01, reach superlubricity.

Water filters are designed to handle any tap water that flows through. They eliminate the chlorine and bacteria growth that affect the taste of drinking water and also cause infections in humans.

• through; they can eliminate

• through, which is eliminating

• through, eliminating

• through, so they eliminate

Many of the courses in law schools today are purely theoretical exercises. These exercises have little to do with their initial purpose.

• exercises that

• exercises, so they

• exercises; they

• exercises, being so these

In addition to farming crops, slaves in Egypt during the rise of Mesopotamia had the mundane tasks of cleaning the house. They also cooked the food.

• house, but also cooked the food.

• house and cooking the food.

• house, and the food was cooked by them.

• house and food being cooked.

Language opens the door to other perspectives. What’s given to us is the means to apprehend other ways of viewing our common world and our common humanity.

• Language opens the door to other perspectives while giving to us the means

• Language opens the door to other perspectives by giving us the means

• By opening the door to other perspectives through language, we are given the means

• Although language opens the door to other perspectives, we are given the means

Today's restaurants' ordering systems maximize efficiency both in the kitchen and behind the counter. Many of which have expanded their seating spaces to accommodate the increasing number of customers.

• Today's restaurants' ordering systems maximize efficiency both in the kitchen and behind the counter; seating spaces have been expanded by them to accommodate the increasing number of customers.

• Ordering systems maximize efficiency both in the kitchen and behind the counter; many restaurants have expanded their seating spaces in the accommodation of the increasing number of customers.

• Ordering systems maximizing efficiency both in the kitchen and behind the counter are why many restaurants have expanded their seating spaces, accommodating the increasing number of customers

• Today's restaurants, whose ordering systems maximize efficiency both in the kitchen and behind the counter, have expanded their seating spaces to accommodate the increasing number of customers.