Socialization

Socialization describes _____.

• The ways that people come to understand social norms and expectations.

• How people come to accept society's beliefs.

• How people become aware of societal values.

• How people come to reject society's beliefs.

Cooley (1902) believed that a person’s self-understanding is

constructed, in part, by their perception of how others view them—a

process termed the _____.

Match the description with the appropriate stage of self-development.

• Play Stage

• Children learn to consider several

  roles at the same time and how those roles interact with each other.

• Imitation Stage

• Children copy the actions of people with whom they regularly interact,

  such as their mothers and fathers.

• Game Stage

• Children might try on a parent’s point of view by acting out “grownup”

  behavior, like playing “dress up” and acting out the “mom” role,

  or talking on a toy telephone the way they see their father do.

The common behavioral expectations of

general society are known as the _____.

True or False: Moral development prevents people from acting on unchecked urges, instead

considering what is right for society and good for others.

• True

• False

Match the description with the appropriate level of moral development.

• Conventional Level

• Young children, who lack a higher level of cognitive ability, experience

  the world around them only through their senses.

• Pre-Conventional Level

• Children become increasingly

  aware of the feelings of others and take those into consideration when determining what’s “good”

  and “bad”.

• Post-Conventional Level

• Occurs when people begin to think of morality in abstract terms, such as

  Americans believing that everyone has the right to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.

True or False: Without socialization, a society’s culture would thrive.

• False

• True

_____ argue that socialization is essential to society, both because it trains members to

operate successfully within it and because it perpetuates culture by transmitting it to new generations.

Dressing baby boys in blue and baby girls in pink is one small way we convey messages about

differences in gender roles. This is an example of _____.

Schools serve a _____ in society by socializing children into

behaviors like practicing teamwork, following a schedule, and using

textbooks.

• Latent Function

• Manifest Function