Chronic Venous Insufficiency

Pathophysiology of chronic venous insufficiency?

• lower limb ischaemia

• Elevated venous pressure

• low venous pressure

• arterial defect

What is anatomical landmark of saphenofemoral junction?

• 2.5-4 cm below and lateral to the pubic tubercle

• one-third of the distance laterally on a line drawn from the umbilicus to ASIS

• midpoint of the imaginary line that joins the anterior superior iliac spine and the pubic symphysis

• 0.5 inches above the midpoint of the inguinal ligament

Below are risk factors of chronic venous insufficiency EXCEPT:

• Male

• advancing age

• prolonged standing

• lower extremity trauma

What is Gaitre's Area?

• femoral triangle

• area just proximal to the medial malleolus

• groin area

• popliteal fossa

Course of long saphenous vein?

• posterior side of the leg

• medial side of the leg

• anterior side of the leg

• lateral side of the leg

What does positive Perthe's test mean?

• defect of superficial venous system

• defect of deep venous system

• peripheral arterial disease

• diabetic foot ulcer

What does positive Tap Test mean?

• deep venous system incompetence

• incompetence of the valves in the superficial venous system

• peripheral arterial disease

• normal findings

How does haemosiderin staining occur?

• infarction of tissue

• leaked blood from capillaries

• ischaemia of muscles

• a result of surgery

What is varicose vein?

• normal vein

• elongated, dilated, tortuous vein

• tangled blood vessels

• phlebitis

Why does Gaitre Area prone for venous ulcer?

• lesser blood supply

• highest pressure point in venous system of lower limb

• less sensation

• prone for trauma