STARR Questions: Body Systems, TEK B.10.A

Health-care workers are exposed to many different types of pathogenic and nonpathogenic microorganisms. Which body systems work together to protect the body from pathogens?

• Muscular and vascular

• Digestive and excretory

• Circulatory and immune

• Endocrine and reproductive

A dog’s pituitary gland produces the hormone ACTH, which stimulates the adrenal glands to secrete cortisol. Cortisol helps regulate body weight, mineral balance, the structure of connective tissue, the production of white blood cells, and skin health. When cortisol levels are low, the pituitary gland secretes ACTH. When cortisol levels are high, the pituitary gland stops secreting ACTH. Based on this information, which of the following would most likely be the cause of elevated levels of cortisol in a dog?

• Undersized adrenal glands

• An excess of ACTH

• An inactive pituitary gland

• An immune response to the excess level of cortisol

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Which of the following correctly describes an interaction that occurs between two body systems of a rabbit that helps the rabbit outrun a pursuing coyote?

• The skeletal system releases additional calcium, and the circulatory system retains more sodium in the blood to provide muscles with ions for contraction.

• The digestive system increases the rate of digestion, and the excretory system ceases to provide tissues with more nutrients.

• The respiratory system increases the breathing rate, and the circulatory system increases blood pressure to provide tissues with more oxygen.

• The endocrine system releases hormones that prepare the immune system to deal with possible injuries.

The human digestive system is approximately 900 cm long. Food is moved through the digestive tract primarily by —

• bile produced by the pancreas

• the enzymes amylase and pepsin

• muscular contractions

• hydrochloric acid in the stomach

What two human systems work together to provide body cells with a constant supply of oxygen while removing carbon dioxide waste products?

• Nervous and endocrine

• Muscular and skeletal

• Respiratory and circulatory

• Excretory and integumentary

Which of the following functions at the same organizational level as the kidney in the human excretory system?

• Skeleton

• Epithelial tissue

• Urinary bladder

• A squamous cell

Coracias garrulus is a blue bird with an orange-brown back. The offspring of this bird have an effective defense mechanism. The young birds vomit and cover themselves in a foul-smelling orange liquid when they sense a threat by predators. Which two systems alert the young bird to the danger and help produce the vomit it uses as a defense?

• Nervous and digestive systems

• Integumentary and muscular systems

• Immune and respiratory systems

• Excretory and reproductive systems

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-3

A science class is planning a field trip to a local farm that has a large pond. Which of the following lists the order of biological organization from smallest to largest that the students can expect to find at the pond?

• Organism, community, population, ecosystem

• Organism, population, community, ecosystem

• Population, organism, community, ecosystem

• Population, organism, ecosystem, community

Animal body systems often coordinate their actions to carry out specific functions for the whole animal. Which of these correctly describes the interaction of two biological systems for a specific purpose in the human body?

• 
• 
• 
• 

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-3

Scientists studying illnesses caused by chemically contaminated food conduct research to minimize the effects of these diseases on society. These chemicals harm the body through interactions between the digestive system and the immune system. Scientists conducting this research are likely to describe which of these interactions between the digestive and immune systems?

• Chemicals enter the immune system through a break in the skin. The chemical contamination is then passed to the digestive system by the circulatory system.

• The immune system transforms the chemicals in the contaminated foods into harmless chemicals. These harmless chemicals are then broken down by the digestive system.

• When contaminated foods are eaten, the immune system prevents the chemicals from entering the digestive system.

• Chemicals enter the digestive system through contaminated foods. Once in the body, the chemical contaminants impair the body’s ability to fight off infectious diseases.