Compare the bar graph showing coal mine employment and the line graph showing miner production. Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from trends in this data?

Mechanization and computer automation in mining have increased.

Coal mining has been outsourced to less-developed countries.

Legal restrictions have been imposed on the amount of coal exported overseas.

Renewable resources are being used more frequently to power vehicles.

Natural gas and oil production of electricity has declined.

Debt-for-nature swaps are financial transactions in which a portion of a developing country’s foreign debt is forgiven in exchange for local investments in environmental conservation measures. Which of the following explains the significance of debt-for-nature programs?

The programs provide a sustainable-development approach to reducing uneven levels of development between countries.

The programs utilize a dependency theory-based approach to improve local economic development.

The programs combat the economic decline of deindustrialization and improve service and technology development.

The programs provide improvements in environmental health and sanitation that reduce mortality and epidemic disease rates.

The programs invest in environmental education that informs youth populations about preserving economic resources for future use.

Economic complementarities between two places tend to

occur when each place specializes in commodities demanded by the other

reflect only differences in resource base

occur when the places specialize in the same commodities

reflect the minimization of distance

reflect the maximization of scale

The popularity of which of the following is an example of the trend toward ecotourism?

Time-share condominiums on the coast of Spain

Which of the following has fostered the most significant economic growth by eliminating import tariffs between member states?

Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)

Association of Caribbean States (ACS)

As a less developed country’s economy evolves, the size of the primary sector, the size of the secondary sector, and the size of the tertiary sectors fluctuate. Which of the following statements best describes the highest level of job-opportunity change as countries shift from the periphery to the semiperiphery level of development?

Secondary sector employment increases as the demand for manufactured products increases.

Primary sector employment increases as the country’s domestic demand for food and energy increases.

Primary sector employment increases as the country’s economy becomes increasingly export oriented.

Tertiary sector employment grows more quickly than any other sector because of foreign direct investment.

Secondary and tertiary sector employment declines as factories and offices are increasingly automated.

What would be the most profitable location for an ethanol manufacturing plant that converts corn into alcohol for use as an additive for gasoline?

Near a prime corn-producing area to minimize transportation costs of raw materials

Near a large university to facilitate recruitment of highly trained chemists

Near a break-of-bulk point for ease of transportation

Near a navigable river to reduce transportation costs to distant markets

Near a large metropolitan area to serve a major market

The state of Florida earns greater revenues from the export of oranges than does the state of Georgia. This can be attributed to which of the following?

Florida has a comparative advantage as a producer of oranges.

Georgia has a comparative advantage as a producer of oranges.

Florida’s economy is primarily based on agricultural production.

Georgia’s economy is focused on tourism and manufacturing.

Unlike Florida, Georgia has no coastal port facilities.

Free-trade zones such as the countries of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) are established to increase the ease and volume of international trade by

eliminating tariffs on goods that cross borders between member states

increasing diplomatic relations between member states

opening borders to migrant guest workers from member states

establishing a common monetary unit among member states

offering large economic-development loans to poorer member states

Which of the following statements is most consistent with the data shown in the table?

There are a large number of women in the Spanish legislature, but few women have been elected in Kuwait.

Spain and Kuwait are countries that have very similar levels of economic and social development.

An increase in per capita wealth will almost always result in an improvement in gender equity in a country.

Spain and Kuwait are countries that have very different levels of economic development.

There is a close correlation between the two statistics displayed on the chart above.

The global pattern of gender inequality index scores is similar to the expected pattern of countries by level of economic development, with the exception of a few countries such as

South Africa, Australia, and New Zealand

Which of the following statements accurately compares a difference between the Human Development Index (HDI) and Gender Inequality Index (GII) as shown in the table?

Although there are more women in the wage labor force, females do not necessarily have the same level of empowerment as men.

Although women workers are often paid less than their male counterparts, GII scores can remain high.

High numbers of women working in education and health care directly result in a higher GII score.

In most countries women’s life expectancy is higher than men’s, which improves gender equality.

Although HDI and GII indicators are measured on a scale of 0 to 1, a high HDI score should indicate a high GII score.

In the context of industrialization, how does the use of the building materials in Image 1 compare to the use of building materials in Image 2 ?

The development of the metals industry led to the construction of higher and longer bridges, a reduced need for stone as a building material, and rapid industrialization.

The change from stone to iron bridges had no impact on industrialization because stone was readily available and stronger than iron.

The change from stone to iron bridges created a great demand by Europeans for bridges because iron bridges were less expensive to build.

The scarcity in stone for building bridges facilitated the need to import new materials such as iron, leading to globalization and the rise of industrialization in Europe.

Bridges of stone were not constructed in Europe until modern times because the use of iron as a building material developed in the United States and did not diffuse to Europe until the early twentieth century.

The two images illustrate advancements in technology resulting from the Industrial Revolution. Comparing the images, which of the following statements best illustrates an impact of the Industrial Revolution on society?

The invention of the steam engine and the construction of steel bridges to carry trains across various physical features led to ever-increasing demand for the materials and labor to build more trains and tracks.

Industrialization technologies were applied to agriculture and to the transportation of agricultural products to widespread markets that led to greater food supplies and a surge in the population.

One major unintended change that came with industrialization was the standardization of time in order to provide nationwide schedules that were an aid to improving the efficiency of train travel in the United States.

The Industrial Revolution was largely a change in economic activity that brought wealth to industrialists but did not significantly alter the landscape.

Improvements in technology effectively shrank transportation times, but intervening obstacles such as rivers and canyons lessened the efficiencies of travel by rail.

The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals do not mention population growth, but most of the goals will affect population growth. Which of the following statements correctly explains a link between the Sustainable Development Goals and population growth?

Reducing infant mortality rates can lead to a desire to have a smaller family.

Reducing poverty and hunger increases population growth as it makes larger families possible.

Gender equality and empowering women leads to fewer women in the paid labor force.

Combating communicable diseases and improving maternal health means more potential mothers survive and have additional children.

Economic development strategies make it possible to support larger families.

Which of the following variables has an inverse or negative relationship with the level of economic development of a country?

Percent of labor force in tertiary sector of economy

Which of the following is an advantage for Japanese corporations that locate their manufacturing plants in the United States?

Lower transportation costs and greater access to markets

Freedom from Japan’s overprotected distribution networks

A wider variety of climate conditions in the United States

Less competition in the United States than in most other countries

The better educated labor force in the United States

In Latin America, data for employment in many large urban areas are most likely to be incomplete because

many people work in the informal sector

employment is growing too rapidly

records are kept mainly for male workers

Which of the following correctly classifies the countries in the table by their level of development?

More developed: France; industrializing: India; less developed: Tanzania

More developed: Canada; industrializing: France; less developed: Brazil

More developed: Brazil; industrializing: India; less developed: Tanzania

More developed: France; industrializing: Canada; less developed: India

More developed: Canada; industrializing: Tanzania; less developed: Brazil

Which of the following best explains the degree to which the Human Development Index (HDI) accurately calculates a country’s level of economic development?

Although the HDI factors in gross national income per capita, it also calculates indicators for health care and education to estimate the social aspects of development.

The HDI is a simplified means of comparing gross national income per capita in an indexed score that is on a 0 to 1.0 scale.

The HDI is a simplified means of combining life expectancy and education levels in an indexed score that is on a 0 to 1.0 scale.

Although the HDI factors in gross national income per capita, it also calculates the impact of exports and imports on the domestic economy.

The HDI is a simplified means of ranking countries into distinct levels of development based on the total size of a country’s national economy.

Based on the data in the table, which of the following statements is accurate?

Increased levels of economic development often conceal gender inequities.

The HDI and GII are directly related; as one increases so does the other.

As economic development increases, the percent of women in the workforce increases.

Gender equality is closely tied to cultural norms and not affected by economic conditions.

Since the GII is one component of HDI, HDI always increases with GII.

Many companies moved their operations from New England and the Midwest to locations in the South because

the South had less expensive site factors than northern regions

southern regions had better access to deep water ports

the South had more advantageous relative locations

the southerly climate was an environmental push factor

southern culture was a social pull factor

Outsourced industrial production in less-developed countries often relies on female labor because

wage rates for women are much lower than for men

men are engaged mainly in agriculture

women are more skilled at operating machinery than men are

social taboos prevent women from working in the service sector

women are not protected by international labor laws

Quaternary economic activities are those that

involve the collection, processing, and manipulation of information

extract natural resources from the environment

transform raw materials into finished products

involve the exchange of goods and the provision of services

involve the production of fresh produce for urban markets

Which of the following explains the spatial patterns of economic development for most countries in Southeast Asia, including Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, and Vietnam?

Most Southeast Asian countries are considered to be part of the semiperiphery because of the extensive growth of the secondary economic sector.

Most Southeast Asian countries are considered to be part of the semiperiphery because of the dominance of the primary economic sector.

Most Southeast Asian countries are considered to be part of the periphery because of the dominance of the tertiary economic sector.

Most Southeast Asian countries are considered to be part of the periphery because of the dominance of the secondary economic sector.

Most Southeast Asian countries are considered to be part of the core because of the dominance of the tertiary economic sector.

Which of the following explains a significant obstacle to sustainable development in more developed countries?

The reliance on fossil energy sources for electric generation and vehicle fuel has depleted resources globally and contributed to atmospheric pollution in cities.

The reliance on renewable energy for local electric generation and home heating creates significant risks, as alternative energy storage is more expensive than using fossil fuels.

High energy prices and low energy consumption have reduced the need for the development of additional sources of renewable energy for individual vehicles and homes.

Low population growth in more developed countries has reduced the need for the development of additional sources of renewable energy for individual vehicles and homes.

Increased economic productivity in less developed countries has moved investment funding away from the development of new sources of renewable energy for individual vehicles and homes.

The classic model of industrial location theory suggests that the primary consideration in the location of an industrial site is which of the following?

The institutional structure of the firm

The cost to produce the product

Which of the following statements explains a weakness in Rostow's stages of economic growth model?

The model is based on successive stages that countries must pass through independently until they reach high mass consumption without taking into account that countries are interdependent.

The model is based on the principle of initial advantage that highlights the importance of an early start in economic development for all countries in the world.

The model is based on the permanent classification of countries into the core, semiperiphery, and periphery, and countries are unable to move up or down from one category to another.

The classification for a country pertains to the entire country with no condition for variation in the level of development within a country.

The model is based on the premise that development in one place requires underdevelopment in another place.

The country of Costa Rica has protected 25 percent of its land in the form of national parks or other protected areas. Which of the following best explains the desired effect of Costa Rica's process of land preservation?

Costa Rica's national parks and preserved areas are intended to promote international ecotourism and support the country's sustainable local economic development.

Costa Rica's national parks and preserved areas are designed to attract multinational corporations, providing Costa Rica with economic sustainability.

Costa Rica preserved these areas to meet the requirements to join the Central American Common Market, which funds environmental sustainability initiatives in member countries.

Costa Rica preserved these areas to establish special economic zones for the exportation of manufactured products to the United States.

Costa Rica is predominately an agricultural nation and preserved these areas for the future expansion of global agricultural commodity chains.

If a manufacturing company uses a single, weight-losing raw material to manufacture its finished product, then most likely the company will

locate its manufacturing plant at the raw material site

locate several manufacturing plants close to consumers

choose to outsource its labor component

agglomerate close to similar factories

Australia, Ireland, and Germany have the highest GII values in the table shown. What do these countries' high GII values indicate when compared to their HDI values?

These countries have less gender equality despite high levels of education and health care.

These countries offer greater access to women’s health care despite lower levels of economic development.

These countries are characterized by greater empowerment among a wealthy female population.

These countries have less disparity between men and women than in wealthier countries.

These countries have the greatest gender equality as a result of high levels of education and health care.

Which of the following explains a limitation of the three-tiered structure of Wallerstein’s world systems theory?

The model locks most countries into the development model of core, semiperiphery, and periphery with little opportunity for peripheral economies to advance into the wealthy core.

The model does not provide for countries outside of the core to accomplish any of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.

The scale of the model does not pertain to individual countries but rather to regions in the global contexts of core, semiperiphery, and periphery.

Individual countries can score higher on certain indicators of development and lower on other indicators as they shift from the periphery to the core.

The three-tiered system of the model cannot be mapped; therefore, the model has no spatial application.

Which statement explains one way in which the transformation of India’s economy contradicts Wallerstein’s world system theory?

Using a development strategy to avoid economic dependency, India has been able to develop its own industries and participate fully in the global economy.

As a British colony, India functioned as a peripheral region supplying resources to benefit the core.

The outsourcing of high-tech jobs with high wages to India by U.S. companies is not economic exploitation because the jobs are high paying.

India’s ethnically, linguistically, and religiously diverse populations serve as centrifugal forces, preventing India from participating in the global economy.

India’s emphasis on nonalignment with and isolation from the Heartland has limited the country’s role in supranational organizations and international decision-making.

All of the following statements about worldwide patterns of development are correct EXCEPT:

The largest concentration of the least-developed countries in the world today is in Latin America.

Per capita income in the United States is higher than in China.

The gap in per capita income between rich and poor countries has increased over time.

On average, population growth is higher in peripheral countries than in core nations.

Several Asian countries, so-called Asian Tigers, made enormous strides in per capita income and levels of development in the past 30 years.

The map shows the locations of world financial, banking, and investment centers. Which of the following best explains a limitation of the map's representation of global economic patterns?

The map does not show the growth of investment in businesses in less developed countries.

The map does not show major population centers located in the Southern Hemisphere.

The map does not show the locations of export processing zones in more developed countries.

The map does not show growth poles that stimulate regional economic activity.

The map does not show the environmental pollution associated with industrial cities.

Lamborghini

Quiz

•

History

•

9th - 12th Grade

•

Practice Problem

•

Easy

Mike Summers

Used 56+ times

FREE Resource

59 questions

Show all answers

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

15 mins • 1 pt

Core-periphery models are generally based on the idea that

all world regions are equally well developed

levels of social and economic development are fairly uniform between core areas and peripheral areas

sharp spatial contrasts in social and economic development exist between economic heartlands and outlying subordinate areas

the growth and prosperity of core countries has not been achieved at the expense of peripheral countries

the economic and social heart of a territory should be at its geographic center

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

15 mins • 1 pt

The port of Los Angeles is the busiest port in the United States and a major break-of-bulk point. Which of the following statements correctly explains why Los Angeles is a break-of-bulk point?

The robotic systems at the port results in fewer workers being required to unload container ships.

The port can accommodate large container ships that can be unloaded quickly so that containers can be transferred onto carriers that use California’s highway and rail systems.

The massive warehouses located at the port allow goods from container ships to be stored easily for long periods of time.

Goods can be transferred to other container ships going to the port of San Francisco.

Los Angeles is on the Pacific Ocean allowing for more trade with countries in Asia.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

15 mins • 1 pt

A clustering of doctor’s offices and pharmacies near hospitals is BEST explained by the benefits of

decentralization

agglomeration

intervening opportunity

balkanization

enfranchisement

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

15 mins • 1 pt

Even though it is a relatively clean source of energy, which of the following is a disadvantage of hydroelectric power?

The water used needs to be chemically treated immediately upon leaving the powerhouse.

The electricity generated has a lower voltage than electricity generated by traditional coal and natural gas plants.

The generators are more complex than coal or gas generators and are expensive to purchase and maintain.

It is not an effective power source in regions which traditionally experience less rainfall.

It can alter the ecosystems above and below the dam site.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

15 mins • 1 pt

Contemporary manufacturing is characterized by

production facilities that are generally located as close as possible to the sites of raw material production

strong unions and localized involvement in all facets of the production process

spatial disaggregation of the production process

reliance on highly skilled labor at all phases of the production process

production facilities located close to railroads

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

15 mins • 1 pt

The early stages of the core-periphery model describe the

relationship between the outward appearance of a place and its internal functioning

ways that suburban workers commute to urban workplaces

relationship between the underlying structure of a society and its outward expressions

social and cultural differences between urban and rural people

relationship of power and the transfer of resources from less developed to more developed areas

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

15 mins • 1 pt

It is generally agreed that the current trend in climate change is caused by

sea-level rise

increased use of fossil fuels

reduction in biodiversity

tilt of Earth’s axis

changes in the velocity of ocean currents

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Lamborghini

59 questions

Core-periphery models are generally based on the idea that

The port of Los Angeles is the busiest port in the United States and a major break-of-bulk point. Which of the following statements correctly explains why Los Angeles is a break-of-bulk point?

A clustering of doctor’s offices and pharmacies near hospitals is BEST explained by the benefits of

Even though it is a relatively clean source of energy, which of the following is a disadvantage of hydroelectric power?

Contemporary manufacturing is characterized by

The early stages of the core-periphery model describe the

It is generally agreed that the current trend in climate change is caused by

Which of the following processes explains the change in coal miners employed in the United States from 1950 to 2000?

Compare the bar graph showing coal mine employment and the line graph showing miner production. Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from trends in this data?

Debt-for-nature swaps are financial transactions in which a portion of a developing country’s foreign debt is forgiven in exchange for local investments in environmental conservation measures. Which of the following explains the significance of debt-for-nature programs?

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