Bio test review

What is the end result of the cell cycle?

• two indentical cells

• one identical cell

• two different cells

• one cell that is uncharged

What phase in the cell cycle does DNA replication happen?

• G1

• S

• G2

• Mitosis

Substances known to produce or promote cancer are called

• Carcinogens

• Kinases

• Cyclins

• Magliagins

One difference between a cancer cell and a normal cell is that

• Cancer cells divide uncontrollably

• Cancer cells cannot make copies of DNA

• Normal cells divide uncontrollably

• Normal cells cannot make copies of DNA

Apoptosis plays an important role in preventing cancer by telling cells to die when they are damaged. But this process is not always successful. Which of the following explains how apoptosis is related to cancer?

• The cues that would trigger apoptosis have failed in cancer cells.

• Cancer cells cause excessive apoptosis in surrounding cells to make room for more cancer cell growth.

• Cancer is an example of uncontrolled apoptosis.

• Cancer cells are formed when necrosis occurs instead of apoptosis.

Which statement describes what would most likely happen if p53 mutated and could not perform its task?

• The cell would divide without control and lead to the formation of cancer.

• The cell would regain control of the cell cycle by using a type of lipid instead of p53.

• The cell would divide without control and produce new cells that make p53 without the mutation.

• The cell would regain control of the cell cycle by adding an additional checkpoint at cytokinesis.

During the cell cycle, proteins called cyclins bind to enzymes that send signals for the cell to progress through stages of cell replication. At the end of this cycle, the cyclins degrade to prevent further signaling for the cell to divide. 

Uncontrolled production of cyclins will most likely result in —

• the formation of tumors

• the immediate death of the cell

• the transfer of cyclins to other cells

• the formation of haploid cells

Which of the following is true of malignant tumors?

• They do not require treatment.

• They can cause tumors in other parts of the body.

• They are easily removed through surgery.

• They contain cells that stay clustered together.

Oncogenes are mutated forms of genes. Oncogenes can transform a cell into a tumor cell. Some tumor cells are benign, while others are malignant. How does the presence of an oncogene lead to the formation of a tumor?

• ATP production is inhibited.

• Cell division is unregulated.

• Somatic cell growth is inhibited.

• Antibody activity is unregulated.

What happens if a tumor suppressor gene becomes mutated?

• it will produce cell cycle proteins without growth signal

• it will prevent cells from stopping cell division

• normal cell cycle proteins will be produced in response to a growth signal

• it will stop the cell cycle proteins that halt the cell cycle