Thermal Energy and Heat

Which describes how radiation moves?

• Radiation moves from a cooler object to a warmer object
• Radiation moves from a warmer object to a cooler object
• Radiation moves from a warm object to an object of the same temperature
• Radiation moves from a cool object to an object of the same temperature

Evan drew a diagram to illustrate radiation. What do the arrows represent?

• gases mixing with particles
• liquid moving through a vacuum
• moving particles
• electromagnetic waves

Which material most likely gets the warmest when placed in the Sun?

• white cement
• beige sand
• brown mulch
• yellow pebbles

A thermogram taken outside a house shows high amounts of thermal energy around the windows but not around the roof. Which conclusion supports the thermogram?

• The windows and the roof are energy efficient.
• The windows and the roof are not energy efficient.
• The windows are not energy efficient, but the roof is energy efficient.
• The windows are energy efficient, but the roof is not energy efficient.

Which best describes convection?

• It relies on the collision of particles within or between substances.
• It occurs in solids, liquids, or gases that are heated.
• It results when portions of a liquid cool and rise.
• It is driven by temperature differences within a fluid.

A student heats a liquid on a burner. What happens to the portion of liquid that first begins to warm?

• It loses energy.
• It becomes less dense.
• It sinks downward.
• Its molecules get closer together.

The diagram shows currents that form as water is heated. Which would most likely contain this same type of current?

• the air above a wildfire
• a carton of milk in a refrigerator
• a snowdrift on a shady mountainside
• a boulder in a hot desert

In which of these can convection not occur?

• gases
• solids
• liquids
• fluids

Which accurately completes the statement? Conduction involves the transfer of electric charge or(what?) due to the movement of particles.

• thermal energy
• light waves
• protons
• neutrons

Which material is typically used as a thermal insulator?

• copper
• foam
• ceramic
• aluminum