STARR Questions: Biomolecules, TEK B.9.A

Which statements best compare the function of an ATP molecule to a DNA molecule?

• ATP carries and transmits the genetic information of organisms.

  DNA serves as a biological catalyst that speeds up the rate of chemical reactions.

• ATP provides energy for chemical reactions in the cell. DNA carries and transmits the genetic information of organisms.

• ATP serves as a biological catalyst that speeds up the rate of chemical reactions. DNA acts as a structural sugar in the cell walls of plants.

• ATP acts as a structural sugar in the cell walls of plants. DNA provides energy for chemical reactions in the cell.

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NGSS.HS-LS3-1

A student makes a Venn diagram to compare the functions of carbohydrates and lipids.

Which cellular function of carbohydrates and lipids should be placed in the shared section of the Venn diagram?

• Hormone production

• Structural support of cell walls

• Energy storage

• Catalyst for chemical reactions

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A table of four types of carbohydrates is shown.

Which list correctly matches the functions to the types of carbohydrates?

• Energy: glycogen and starch

  Structure: cellulose and chitin

• Energy: cellulose and chitin

  Structure: glycogen and starch

• Energy: chitin and glycogen

  Structure: cellulose and starch

• Energy: cellulose and starch

  Structure: chitin and glycogen

Transmembrane proteins span the width of cell membranes. Four types of transmembrane proteins are shown in a section of cell membrane.

Although these proteins have different specific functions, they all —

• stop chemical reactions within the cell

• synthesize molecules that signal other cells

• help the cell interact with its external environment

• remove large waste particles from the cytoplasm of the cell

An advertisement for a health supplement for dogs claims to build lean muscle and strengthen tendons and ligaments, as well as provide energy. Which two biomolecules must the supplement contain to provide these benefits?

• Carbohydrates and lipids

• Proteins and carbohydrates

• Nucleic acids and carbohydrates

• Lipids and nucleic acids

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Two biomolecules are shown.

Which of the following best describes these biomolecules?

• Molecule X and Molecule Y are both carbohydrates.

• Molecule X is a nucleic acid, and Molecule Y is a carbohydrate.

• Molecule X and Molecule Y are both nucleic acids.

• Molecule X is a carbohydrate, and Molecule Y is a nucleic acid.

Students were given a list of seven elements and asked to identify the four elements that are most abundant in biomolecules. Which table correctly identifies the four most-abundant elements in biomolecules?

• 
• 
• 
• 

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NGSS.HS-LS1-6

Proteins and carbohydrates have many functions in the body of an organism. Specific proteins and carbohydrates perform specific tasks. Information about a protein and a carbohydrate is given below.

How are ferritin and glycogen similar in their primary functions for an organism?

• Both store materials needed by the organism.

• Both store energy used by the organism.

• Both support the structure of the organism.

• Both store information for the organism.

Four different nucleotides are used as building blocks of DNA. Which of the following can be used to distinguish one nucleotide from another?

• The nitrogenous base

• The shape of the deoxyribose sugar

• The length of the phosphate group

• The type of fatty acid

The complex carbohydrates pictured below are made by linking molecules of glucose.

In all three complex carbohydrates, the subunits of glucose are bonded together differently. Because they have different structures, they most likely —

• contain different chemical elements

• form different proteins

• carry different nucleotides

• perform different functions

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NGSS.HS-LS1-6