STAAR Review: Biomolecules & Viruses DOL

Students use a microscope to look for structures present in four different cells. The students placed an X for each structure that was viewed for each cell on the table shown. Which cell that was viewed is most likely a prokaryote?

• Cell W

• Cell X

• Cell Y

• Cell Z

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-1

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

A prokaryotic cell and a eukaryotic cell are shown. Which characteristic best distinguishes these cells as either prokaryotic or eukaryotic?

• The organization of the genetic material

• The location of the cytoplasm

• The role of the cell membrane

• The function of the flagella

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-1

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

Which statement best describes how a virus replicates?

• A virus divides into two identical virus particles before infecting the host cell.

• A virus enters a host cell and uses the materials from the host cell to produce new virus particles.

• Multiple virus particles fuse and form a large particle that breaks apart, releasing new virus particles.

• Multiple virus particles break down in component parts, which then reassemble into new copies of the virus.

A table comparing the characteristics of four samples is shown. Which sample most likely contains viruses?

• Sample 1

• Sample 2

• Sample 3

• Sample 4

A diagram of an HIV infection is shown. Which conclusion about the HIV infection of a host cell is best supported by the diagram?

• It takes place outside of living cells.

• It relies on the host cell to reproduce.

• It involves the process of meiosis.

• It requires carbon dioxide.

An illness caused by a certain virus includes fever, rash, joint pain, red eyes, and headache. The virus is transmitted to people by infected mosquitoes. Symptoms quickly occur within three to twelve days after contracting the virus. There is no vaccine for this virus. Which description best explains the reproductive cycle of this virus?

• Lytic, because the virus is transmitted by mosquitoes.

• Lysogenic, because there is no way to vaccinate against it.

• Lytic, because of the quick incubation time.

• Lysogenic, because the virus causes a fever.

A student produces a labeled drawing of a virus for a presentation. The student states that the capsid has a function similar to the nuclear membrane found in animal cells. Which of these describes the similar functions of capsids and nuclear membranes?

• Both transport proteins throughout the structures.

• Both provide energy for activities in the structures.

• Both protect genetic information for the structures.

• Both code for the proteins needed for reproduction of the structures.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

In 1898 Friedrich Loeffler and Paul Frosch found evidence that the cause of the highly contagious hoof-and-mouth disease in livestock was a microscopic infectious particle. It was discovered that this particle requires a host cell to reproduce. Which pathogen is most likely responsible for causing hoof-and-mouth disease in livestock?

• A bacterium, because it is contagious.

• A fungus, because it infects livestock

• A protists, because it is microscopic

• A virus, because it requires a host cell to reproduce