osteoporosis

Which of the following are risk factors for osteoporosis?(check all that apply)

• white/asian

• havina a small body frame

• eating prednisolone like candy for more than 3 months

• poor diet

• Having had a hysterectomies'

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for osteoporosis?

• Ageing

• Early menopause

• smoking

• regular exercise

Pregnancy and lactation is known to:

• Decrease calcium requirements

• Result in bone mineral loss from the skeleton

• Decrease the rate of dietary calcium absorption

• Affect bone mineral content later in life

A nurse is conducting health screening for osteoporosis, which of the following clients is at greatest risk of developing this disorder

• A 25-year old woman who jogs

• A 36-year old man who as asthma

• A 70-year old man who consumes excess alcohol

• A sedentary 65-year old woman who smokes cigarettes

A community health nurse is providing a teaching session on osteoporosis to women living in the community, the nurse informs these community residents that which of the following is a risk factor for this disorder

• A larger skeletal frame

• Low thyroid hormone levels.

• A diet low in Vitamin D

• A high dietary intake of calcium.

An older female client is diagnosed with osteoporosis, the nurse teaches the client about self-care measures because the client is most at risk for which of the following as a result of this disorder of the bones

• Nutritional deficiencies.

• Loss of appetite.

• Fractures.

• Diarrhea.

The immobile client is at risk for disuse osteoporosis, the nurse understands that which of following substances plays an important role in the bone remodeling process

• Vitamin C.

• Vitamin A.

• Calcitonin.

• Thyroid hormone.

Which of the following test is considered as gold standard to assess osteoporosis

a)

• CT Scan.

• X-ray.

• Gallium study.

• Bone density test.

Which treatment for osteoporosis is considered as mainstay of therapy for perimenopausal women

• Weight bearing exercises.

• Smoking cessation.

• High phosphate diet.

• Hormone replacement therapy.

The nurse is assessing a postmenopausal client. Which question should the nurse ask to assess for signs of osteoporosis?

• "Have you experienced any palpitations?"

• "Are you having any low back pain?"

• "Are you having problems with swelling in your feet?"

• "Is constipation a problem for you?"