IMSLAB

Equal amount of antigen and antibodies

• Concentration of the reactants

• Temperature

• Length of incubation

• pH of the test system

Optimal temperature: 40-45°C

Above 60°C = proteins will start to deature

• Concentration of the reactants

• Temperature

• Length of incubation

• pH of the test system

Agglutination - within minutes

Precipitation - Hours to days

• Concentration of the reactants

• Temperature

• Length of incubation

• pH of the test system

- Initial binding of a single antibody to a single antigen

- tests are difficult, complex and expensive

• Primary Phenomenon

• Secondary Phenomenon

• Tertiary Phenomenon

• Quarternary Phenomenon

- basic antigen/ antibody reactions are taken a further step, forming cross links or lattice formation to create large molecules that are easily detectable

• Primary Phenomenon

• Secondary Phenomenon

• Tertiary Phenomenon

• Quarternary Phenomenon

The initial force of attraction that an antibody for a specific antigenic epitope or determinant

• Affinity

• Avidity

• Precipitation

The sum of all attractive forces between an antigen and an antibody

• Affinity

• Avidity

• Precipitation

involves combination of soluble antibody with soluble antigen to produce insoluble complexes

• Affinity

• Avidity

• Precipitation

- Zone of excess of antibodies

- Instead of forming cross- link, the antibody coat the antigen vecause of little amount of antigen

• Prozone

• Zone of equivalence

• Postzone

- Zone of excess of antigen

- Instead of forming cross- link, they occupy the paratope

• Prozone

• Zone of equivalence

• Postzone