Unit 6-5 B Vocabulary

A protocol with a set of rules that allows networked hosts to communicate data in a structured format. Used to perform logical addressing and data forwarding functions on most networks.

Provides packet addressing and routing within a network of networks. For data to be sent from one IP network to another, it must be forwarded by an intermediate system (a router).

 Determines how each host manages multiple connections for different application layer protocols at the same time.

Guarantees connection-oriented forwarding of packets. It can identify and recover from lost or out-of-order packets.

Provides unreliable, connectionless forwarding. UDP is faster and comes with less of a transmission overhead because it does not need to send extra information to establish reliable connections. Used with streaming videos.

Contains protocols that perform some high-level function, rather than simply addressing hosts and transporting data.

Responsible for putting frames onto the physical network.

Allows a host to query which MAC address is associated with an IP address.

The core protocol in TCP/IP is the Internet Protocol (IP), which provides network and host addressing and packet forwarding between networks. It uses IPv4 as a header. IPv4 is 32 bits long and grouped into octets.

An IPv6 address is a 128-bit number and so can express exponentially more address values that the 32-bit number used in IPv4. Written in hexadecimal and was developed to succeed IPv4.