Chapter 14 Texas History 7th Grade Life in the New Republic

People of ___________ ancestry are the largest European ethnic group in Texas today.

• German

• Polish

• French

• Italian

Brazoria County was the main___________ producing region in the 1840s.

• cotton

• sugar

• wheat

• corn

Explain the growth of the practice of slavery in Texas from the Mexican National era through the early days of statehood

• Lamar and Houston wanted the United States, European countries, and Mexico to recognize Texas as a nation. However, Houston saw the future of Texas linked with the United States, and he worked hard for annexation. He won recognition for Texas from the United States, despite the U.S. concern that recognition would damage relations with Mexico. Houston hoped for good relations between the republic and Mexico. Houston also pushed for Texas to be recognized by Europe. He sent J. Pinckney Henderson to Europe to negotiate recognition and trade treaties with nations there. Houston hoped that if Great Britain in particular showed interest, the United States would quickly annex Texas. Henderson succeeded in negotiating trade agreements, but Great Britain and France refused to recognize Texas. They did not think it would survive as a nation, and they did not want to offend Mexico. Lamar believed Texas could be a powerful nation on its own, and he succeeded in gaining foreign recognition. By 1839, France was convinced that the United States would not annex Texas and became the first European country to recognize Texas as a nation. A year later, Britain and the Netherlands also did so. Lamar believed Mexico could be convinced of the status of Texas by a show of power, so he created the Texas Navy and increased the strength of the Texas Rangers.

• a

• b

• c

Why did many Anglo American immigrants in Texas turn to ranching instead of farming?

• The Texas Rangers were a military force that fought against Native Americans and Mexicans and protected the settlers who were living on the frontier.

• a

• b

• c

Explain how some Tejanos lost their land in Texas after the revolution.

• Many Texans had come from the United States and wanted Texas to become part of their former country. They also wanted U.S. protection from Mexico.

• a

• b

• c

After the Texas Revolution, free African Americans saw their rights restricted. They were denied citizenship, their right to marry was limited, and they could not gain permanent residence in Texas without government approval. A law passed in 1840 stated that all free African Americans who had entered Texas after independence from Mexico had to leave the republic within two years or lose their freedom. However, some free African Americans won government permission to remain in Texas. —Texas History

According to this excerpt, what was the effect of the Texas Revolution on free African Americans residing in Texas?

• Free African Americans had fewer basic rights than under Mexican rule. C.

• Free African Americans had more basic rights than before the revolution.

• All free African Americans lost their freedom unless they left Texas immediately.

• They were given citizenship, but not the right to vote.

The Republic of Texas continued that tradition when it passed the Homestead Act of 1839. Homestead refers to a family’s home and land. The law safeguarded from seizure by creditors up to 50 acres (20 hectares) of land plus the home and any improvements to the property. Lawmakers wanted to discourage land speculators, who buy land just to sell it again for profit, and instead encourage home ownership. —Texas History

According to this excerpt, what was the intention of the lawmakers who wrote the Homestead Act?

• to discourage the distribution of land grants

• to encourage people to sell more property

• to encourage people to own homes in Texas

• to discourage homesteading in Texas

What was the effect of introducing different breeds of sheep into Texas?

• New varieties of meat were available to consumers.

• The breeds produced more wool, which was a valuable commodity.

• Sheep and goats were able to coexist on the same ranches.

• Cattle ranchers were able to add variety to their herds.

What contributed to the growth of settlements in certain locations of the republic?

• established roads and schools

• natural resources and geographic features

• presence of existing farms and ranches

• cooperation of local citizen groups

The production of cash crops in the republic relied on what form of support?

• the unpaid labor of enslaved workers

• the construction of railroads to transport products

• the increase in subsistence farming

• affordable labor from migrant farmworkers