Ch. 11 Biodiversity Issues

The most common measure of biodiversity is the number of species which is called

• Species richness

• Species poorness

• Species diversity

• Diversity resistant

Answer explanation

There are 2.2 million identified species on this planet and everyone agrees that this number isn't even close to the number of species actually present.

Richness : the state of existing in or containing plentiful quantities of something desirable.

People say A rich life or history is one that is interesting because it is full of different events and activities.

What do you call the diversity of the functions that organisms carry out?

• Phylogentic diversity

• Dysfunctional diversity

• Ecosystem diversity

• Functional diversity

Answer explanation

Different species within a community may carry out some of the same functions that influence the flow of energy and nutrient cycles within ecosystems.

Function : an activity or purpose natural to or intended for a person or thing.

What is a keystone species?

• A species whose removal would have a large impact on the functions carries out in the ecosystem

• Species that play a large role in maintaining specific exosystems

• The number and evenness a species

• The least important species in an ecosystem

Answer explanation

From the perspective of functional diversity, the loss of any one organism from an ecosystem may not have a large impact if other species carrying out that same function still exist. However, if a species carrying out a unique function of a performing the same function in a unique way is lost, the impact may be severe.

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What is not an example of Nature's Contributions to People? (NCP)

• Edible plants and animals

• Firewood

• These are all NCP

• Material for clothing

Answer explanation

They are called "ecosystem services" provided by functioning ecosystems. NCP provides a way to understand and recognize the contributions, both positive and negative, of living nature to people's quality of life. They also include non material benefits. Nature can inspire or frighten us, it can form part of our worldview or be intimately tied to our spiritual beliefs depending on how we interact with nature, our culture, and where we live.

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What do we call the variety of all living things?

• Biodiversity

• The buffet of the world

• Nature's cornucopia

• Ecosystem diversity

Answer explanation

It includes variation in the number of genes, populations, species, and ecosystems and how they function, as well as the diversity of evolutionary histories they represent. There is no end to the interesting organisms around us. In fact, bacteria and insects live in the air up to 16,404 feet.

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What is NOT an example of coastal biodiversity?

• Sea grass bed

• Bleached coral

• Kelp forest

• Mangroves

Answer explanation

Shallow water, coastal environments contain some of the world's most diverse ecosystems, including all the above except bleached coral which comes from Warmer water temperatures. When water is too warm, corals will expel the algae (zooxanthellae) living in their tissues causing the coral to turn completely white. This is called coral bleaching.

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What do we use as a measure of the number of branches of the tree of life that are present within a particular place or region?

• Phylogenetic diversity

• Physiologies

• Behaviors

• Conservation

Answer explanation

Physiology is the study of life. It is a way to account for the fact that members of different branches on the tree of life have different features, including genes, structures, physiologies, and behaviors.

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Which term takes into account the number of species AND their relative abundance?

• Species diversity

• Species biodiversity

• Species richness

• Ecosystem diversity

Answer explanation

Species richness is a count of the number of species in a community while species diversity takes into account the number as well as the relative abundance. Take a look at page 257 for an example.

Habitats of the same type may be separated from one another by a 'sea' of other habitats. Click all that fall under this category of 'Habitat Islands.'

• Mountain-top plant communities

• Wetland in a forest ecosystem

• Forest patches in an agricultural landscape

• 100% Forest

Answer explanation

Turn to page 254 for an example

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What does biodiversity (the variety of all living things) include?

• Ecosystems

• Species

• Populations

• Genes and genomes

Answer explanation

It includes all of these and how they function, as well as the diversity of evolutionary histories they represent.

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