APHG Unit 7 Test Review

Environmental laws, labor availability, and access to markets are major factors affecting which of the following?

• Political affiliation

• Gross domestic product

• Property tax rates

• Manufacturing locations

• Transportation costs

Which of the following best describes Alfred Weber's analysis of location decisions?

• it seeks to evaluate the impact of a single factor of production on location

• it seeks to minimize costs among multiple inputs of production

• it is applicable only in postindustrial economies with predictable spacial patterns

• it depends on the availability of a single node, link, and input of production

• it is applicable only in industrial economies with predictable spatial patterns

Often a manufacturing company will attempt to merge with another company that possesses forward or backward

links in the supply or production process. Which of the following terms best describes this type of strategy?

• Vertical integration

• Transnational corporation

• Privatization

• Agglomeration

• Economies of scale

Even though it is a relatively clean source of energy, which of the following is a disadvantage of hydroelectric

power?

(A) The water used needs to be chemically treated immediately upon leaving the powerhouse.

(B) The electricity generated has a lower voltage than electricity generated by traditional coal and natural gas

plants.

(C) The generators are more complex than coal or gas generators and are expensive to purchase and maintain.

(D) It is not an effective power source in regions which traditionally experience less rainfall.

(E) It can alter the ecosystems above and below the dam site.

• A

• B

• C

• D

• E

Debt-for-nature swaps are financial transactions in which a portion of a developing country’s foreign debt is forgiven in exchange for local investments in environmental conservation measures. Which of the following explains the

significance of debt-for-nature programs?

(A) The programs utilize a dependency theory-based approach to improve local economic development.

(B) The programs provide a sustainable-development approach to reducing uneven levels of development

between countries.

(C) The programs combat the economic decline of deindustrialization and improve service and technology

development.

(D) The programs provide improvements in environmental health and sanitation that reduce mortality and

epidemic disease rates.

(E) The programs invest in environmental education that informs youth populations about preserving economic

resources for future use.

• A

• B

• C

• D

• E

Economic complementarities between two places tend to

(A) reflect only differences in resource base

(B) occur when each place specializes in commodities demanded by the other

(C) occur when the places specialize in the same commodities

(D) reflect the minimization of distance

(E) reflect the maximization of scale

• A

• B

• C

• D

• E

Which of the following is the primary geographic effect of the globalization of the economy?

(A) Countries have greater control over economic activity within their borders.

(B) More Local ownership makes industries less likely to move.

(C) Production is increasingly concentrated in the Manufacturing Belt of the United States

(D) Production is increasingly concentrated in the Rhine-Ruhr Valley of Europe.

(E) Production is shifted to low-cost locations in developing countries.

• A

• B

• C

• D

• E

As a less developed country’s economy evolves, the size of the primary sector, the size of the secondary sector, and

the size of the tertiary sectors fluctuate. Which of the following statements best describes the highest level of job-

opportunity change as countries shift from the periphery to the semiperiphery level of development?

(A) Primary sector employment increases as the country’s domestic demand for food and energy increases.

(B) Primary sector employment increases as the country’s economy becomes increasingly export oriented.

(C) Tertiary sector employment grows more quickly than any other sector because of foreign direct investment.

(D) Secondary sector employment increases as the demand for manufactured products increases.

(E) Secondary and tertiary sector employment declines as factories and offices are increasingly automated.

• A

• B

• C

• D

• E

Which of the following can be categorized as a primary activity?

(A) Engineering

(B) Coal mining

(C) Teaching

(D) Car manufacturing

(E) Politics

• A

• B

• C

• D

• E

Which of the following has brought significant numbers of foreign visitors and currency to Costa Rica, Ecuador,

Nepal, and Belize?

(A) Casino gambling

(B) Vacation cruising

(C) Offshore banking

(D) Factory outlet shopping

(E) Ecotourism

• A

• B

• C

• D

• E