Bio Benchmark Review

Which statement BEST describes how embedded proteins help a plasma membrane perform its function?

• They prevent waste material from leaving a cell.

• They prevent water molecules from entering a cell.

• They allow certain kinds of molecules to enter or leave a cell.

• They allow substances dissolved in water to enter or leave a cell.

Mitchell is creating a model of a plant cell. Mitchell wants to include organelles that are involved in energy production for the cell. Which organelles should Mitchell include?

• Mitchell should use mitochondria to store energy and cytoplasm to release energy from food.

• Mitchell should include the nucleus to transform light energy and chloroplasts to store energy.

• Mitchell should include cytoplasm to store energy and lysosomes to release energy from food.

• Mitchell should include chloroplasts to transform light energy and mitochondria to release energy from food.

Sydney created a cell model for her science project as shown above. Sydney needs to label her model. Which statement BEST describes the type of model Sydney created?

• Sydney has created a plant cell model because only plant cells contain chloroplasts and a cell wall.

• Sydney has created an animal cell model because only animal cells contain a nucleus and a cell wall.

• Sydney has created a plant cell model because only plant cells contain cytoplasm and a cell membrane.

• Sydney has created an animal cell model because only animal cells contain chloroplasts and a cell membrane.

Which describes an interaction between the Golgi apparatus and another organelle to maintain a cell's homeostasis?

• The Golgi apparatus stores nutrients provided by the mitochondria.

• The Golgi apparatus sorts and packages proteins created by ribosomes.

• The Golgi apparatus collects genetic information to be used by the nucleus.

• The Golgi apparatus sends and receives chemical signals for the membrane.

In a cell, the information that controls the production of proteins must pass from the nucleus to what other cell structure?

• mitochondrion

• cell membrane

• chloroplast

• ribosome

The fluid-mosaic model of the cell membrane suggests that the membrane is primarily composed of proteins and lipids. Which of the following is a function of proteins in the cell membrane?

• to allow substances to cross the plasma membrane via active transport

• to provide a hydrophilic head so that water can enter the cell

• to package and sort molecules to be sent in vesicles

• to read messenger RNA to assemble amino acids

Which term best completes the concept map above?

• an animal cell

• a prokaryotic cell

• a virus

• a plant cell

The diagram above shows how living things use enzyme in chemical reactions to release energy. How do enzymes affect the reactions in which they take part?

• Most enzymes slow down chemical reactions.

• Enzymes are converted into products in the reaction.

• Enzymes increase the activation energy of the reaction.

• Enzymes decrease the activation energy of the reaction.

Use the table above to answer the question. Which two students correctly described organic compounds in the table above?

• Students 1 and 2

• Students 2 and 3

• Students 3 and 4

• Students 2 and 4

The picture above shows a red blood cell made up of a protein molecule called hemoglobin. Protein molecules, like the one in the picture, can be broken down into smaller components called

• monosaccharides, or simple sugars.

• fatty acids.

• amino acids.

• polysaccharides, or complex sugars.