Evidence of Evolution

Some organisms have features that have different functions, but similar structures. One example is the forelimb of humans, dogs, birds, and whales. What term best describes the relationship between these forelimbs?

• They are homologous.

• They are vestigial.

• They are analogous.

• They are embryological.

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How do fossils support evolution?

• Individual species disappear and reappear in the fossil record over time.

• Organisms in the fossil record are identical to living organisms.

• The fossil record provides evidence that all organisms developed at the same time.

• The fossil record provides evidence that organisms have changed over time.

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What best describes the hind leg bones seen in the whale?

• The bones are analogous structures to the fins of living fish.

• The bones are vestigial structures that had a function in an ancestor.

• The bones are homologous structures to the wings of butterflies.

• The bones are fossil structures from an extinct ancestor.

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Which of the following would best determine whether two plant species share a recent common ancestor?

• Flowering times

• DNA sequences

• Stem lengths

• Habitat distribution

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Which of the following provide evidence for evolution? (Select all that apply)

• physical features

• molecular features, such as DNA

• geographical information

• fossils

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Which scientist visited the Galapagos Islands, observed traits in finches, and came up with the theory of natural selection?

• Alfred Russell Wallace

• Jean-Baptiste Lamarck

• Carolus Linnaeus

• Charles Darwin

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Mutations are important because they bring about --

• death in the organisms in which they develop.

• benefits for the individual, not the population.

• genetic variation needed for a population to evolve.

• equilibrium within a population.

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What is the term for a feature that allows an organism to better survive and reproduce in its environment?

• adaptation

• variation

• homologous structure

• vestigial structure

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According to the diagram, which organism is older?

• gastropod

• trilobite

• fern

• ammonite

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Why are advantageous traits more likely to be passed down to offspring?

• because they come from recessive alleles.

• because they come from dominant alleles

• because they help the organism survive and reproduce.

• because once a trait is in the gene pool, it cannot go away.

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