BIOL 1406 02 Exam Review

A mature sexual reproductive cell (sperm or egg) that has a haploid number that fuses with another haploid cell to form a new organism:

• zygote

• homologous chromosomes

• gametes

• alleles

The cell formed by the union of two gametes:

• zygote

• gametes

• allele

• haploid

Chromosomes that each have a corresponding chromosome from the opposite-sex parent:

• homologous chromosomes

• heterozygous chromosomes

• sister chromatids

• haploid chromosomes

Cellular process where the number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half through separation of homologous chromosomes in a diploid cell:

• photosynthesis

• mitosis

• meiosis

• cellular respiration

Chromatids from homologous chromosomes interact and exchange portions of their genetic information:

• crossing over / recombination

• genetic swap

• fertilization

• meiosis

During the anaphase of meiosis I, this/these structure(s) migrate to opposite poles of the cell:

• homologous chromosomes

• heterozygous chromosomes

• sister chromatids

• migration

During the anaphase of meiosis II, this/these structure(s) migrate to opposite poles of the cell:

• fertilization

• heterozygous chromosomes

• homologous chromosomes

• sister chromatids

This process restores the number of chromosomes:

• crossing over / recombination

• fertilization

• meiosis

• photosynthesis

How many cells are produced after meiosis? 

• 4 non-identical haploid cells

• 4 sister chromatids

• 2 non-identical haploid cells

• 2 sister chromatids

Which three processes are key for the generation of variability in eukaryotic organisms?

• photosynthesis, crossing over, transformation

• random fertilization, independent assortment, crossing over / recombination

• fertilization, dependent assortment, meiosis

• specific fertilization, independent arrangement, recombination / crossing over