Biochemistry partial recap

Pentose phosphate pathway takes place exclusively in.....

• Cytoplasm

• Mitochondria

• Nucleous

• Liver

​ (a)   is a 5 carbon sugar molecule useful to build ​ (b)  

​ (c)   is rich in ​ (d)   and can be used in anabolic pathways such as fatty acid synthesis

• Ribose
• nucleotides
• NAPDH
• electrons

penthose phosphate pathway can be divided in two phases:

​ (a)   pathway which is ​ (b)   and produces ​ (c)  

​ (d)   pathway which is ​ (e)   and produces Ribose

• Oxidative
• irreversible
• NADPH
• Non-oxidative
• reversible

Mark in the photo in which part we obtain the most important products of the oxidatie reaction: Ribose 5 phosphate and 2 NAPDH

in the image mark the site where the 2 enzymes transaldolase and transketolase are in the diagram, also mark the INTERMEDIARIES which can participate in GLYCOLYSIS

Match the following regarding the components of a triglyceride

• fatty acid chains

• 
• glycerol

• 
• ester linkages

• 
• waste due to dehydration synthesis

• 

Match the following

• saturated fatty acid

• 
• monosaturated

• 
• cis

• 
• polysaturated

• 
• trans

• 

Reorder the following steps about fatty acid synthesis PART 1

• a carboxylase enzyme convert Acetyl-CoA into Malonyl-CoA (rate limiting step)

• Citrate is broken down into oxaloacetate and Acetyl-CoA

• Acetyl-CoA is converted into citrate to it can leave the mitochondria

• Malonyl-CoA and Acetyl-CoA proceed to the fatty acid synthase complex (bean enzyme)

• Carboxylase is regulated via hormone regulation or allosteric regulation

the objective of fatty acid synthesis is to produce long fatty acid chains that can be stored in the liver and ​​ (a)   . We start with ​ (b)   and then we procede with the precursor of longer chains which is ​ (c)   Acetyl-CoA neets to get out of the mitochondria to the ​ (d)   so it needs to be converted into ​ (e)   first

• adipocytes
• Acetyl-CoA
• Palmytoyl-CoA
• cytoplasm
• citrate
• Oxaloacetate

Reorder the following steps about fatty acid synthesis PART 2

• Ketoacyl ACP synthase moves Acetate from ACP into Cys combining these to have a 4-carbon acetate in Cys domain (uses H+ from NADPH)

• Malonyl binds into the ACP domain of the complex

• Acetyl-CoA binds into the ACP domain of the complex, jumping to the Cys domain

• Ketoacyl ACP synthase removes a carbon from Malonate turning into Acetate and (uses H+ from NADPH)

• 4-carbon acetates is in Cys domain and ACP domain is free to receive another round , cycle repeats x7 to obtain a 16-carbon chain