Biochemistry partial recap

Pentose phosphate pathway takes place exclusively in.....

• Cytoplasm

• Mitochondria

• Nucleous

• Liver

​ (a)   is a 5 carbon sugar molecule useful to build ​ (b)  

​ (c)   is rich in ​ (d)   and can be used in anabolic pathways such as fatty acid synthesis

• Ribose
• nucleotides
• NAPDH
• electrons

penthose phosphate pathway can be divided in two phases:

​ (a)   pathway which is ​ (b)   and produces ​ (c)  

​ (d)   pathway which is ​ (e)   and produces Ribose

• Oxidative
• irreversible
• NADPH
• Non-oxidative
• reversible

Mark in the photo in which part we obtain the most important products of the oxidatie reaction: Ribose 5 phosphate and 2 NAPDH

in the image mark the site where the 2 enzymes transaldolase and transketolase are in the diagram, also mark the INTERMEDIARIES which can participate in GLYCOLYSIS

Match the following regarding the components of a triglyceride

• glycerol

• 
• waste due to dehydration synthesis

• 
• fatty acid chains

• 
• ester linkages

• 

Match the following

• polysaturated

• 
• saturated fatty acid

• 
• trans

• 
• cis

• 
• monosaturated

• 

Reorder the following steps about fatty acid synthesis PART 1

• Acetyl-CoA is converted into citrate to it can leave the mitochondria

• Citrate is broken down into oxaloacetate and Acetyl-CoA

• a carboxylase enzyme convert Acetyl-CoA into Malonyl-CoA (rate limiting step)

• Carboxylase is regulated via hormone regulation or allosteric regulation

• Malonyl-CoA and Acetyl-CoA proceed to the fatty acid synthase complex (bean enzyme)

the objective of fatty acid synthesis is to produce long fatty acid chains that can be stored in the liver and ​​ (a)   . We start with ​ (b)   and then we procede with the precursor of longer chains which is ​ (c)   Acetyl-CoA neets to get out of the mitochondria to the ​ (d)   so it needs to be converted into ​ (e)   first

• adipocytes
• Acetyl-CoA
• Palmytoyl-CoA
• cytoplasm
• citrate
• Oxaloacetate

Reorder the following steps about fatty acid synthesis PART 2

• Acetyl-CoA binds into the ACP domain of the complex, jumping to the Cys domain

• Malonyl binds into the ACP domain of the complex

• Ketoacyl ACP synthase removes a carbon from Malonate turning into Acetate and (uses H+ from NADPH)

• Ketoacyl ACP synthase moves Acetate from ACP into Cys combining these to have a 4-carbon acetate in Cys domain (uses H+ from NADPH)

• 4-carbon acetates is in Cys domain and ACP domain is free to receive another round , cycle repeats x7 to obtain a 16-carbon chain