Unit 7 Evolution Study Guide!

A reptile fossil has been found. It shows evidence of modified scales that look similar to bird feathers. What inference can be made based on this evidence?

• It shows a link between ancient reptiles and birds.

• Reptiles evolved directly into birds.

• The reptile species was alive at the same time as birds.

• The reptile species went extinct due to the evolution of birds.

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Why do scientists use the fossil record as evidence for the scientific theory of evolution?

• The fossil record provides evidence that extinct species share similarities with current species.

• The fossil record provides evidence that extinct species are genetically identical to current species.

• The fossil record provides evidence of all species that have ever existed.

• The fossil record provides evidence that all extinct species became fossilized at the same time.

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How does the study of fossils support the theory of evolution?

• Fossils allow scientists to look into the future and predict what organisms will look like in years to come.

• Fossils show evidence of the outside traits of an organism, which can show how the creature has changed.

• Fossils provide evidence of the past that shows relationships among organisms and how they have changed over time.

• Fossils give scientists information about the soft body structures of extinct organisms, which can show how a creature has changed.

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What does "evolution" mean?

• That we all descended from apes.

• That populations change over time.

• That there was only one single celled organism at the start of the world.

• Darwin

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Recall Darwin's explorations on the HMS Beagle. Which statement below best explains why birds with different types of beaks were found on different islands?

• Finches on different islands ate different types of food.

• Finches on different islands had different methods for building their nests.

• Finches on different islands drank water from different types of sources.

• Finches on different islands had different communication methods.

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Who is the father of the Theory of Evolution?

• LeBron James

• Charles Darwin

• Edgar J. Hoover

• Andrew Garfield

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How did Darwin's trip to the Galapagos Islands help define his ideas about evolution?

• The same species of finches were observed on all the islands, so he thought the finches must have evolved together.

• Different organisms were observed on each island, so he thought each island had only one species.

• Each island had similar species with slightly different traits, so he thought each species adapted to its habitat.

• One of the islands had only a few finch species, so he assumed all the islands had predators.

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How did Charles Darwin describe the process of natural selection?

• Organisms evolve through favorable traits that help them survive to reproduce.

• The environment helps all organisms stay alive so they can reproduce.

• Organisms evolve through traits that are passed on by chance.

• Individual organisms show how evolution has happened.

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Deer mice in the Nebraska Sandhills have lighter-colored coats than deer mice in the surrounding woods. There is evidence that the first deer mice to colonize the area originally all had the same darker coats.

• Mice with dark coats were originally in the Sandhills, but all moved to the woods.

• Offspring in the Sandhills had genes for lighter coat color and adapted to the surroundings.

• Mice with light coats were originally in the Sandhills, but all moved to the woods.

• Offspring in the Sandhills had stronger genes than offspring of mice in the surrounding woods.

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The peppered moth lives on the trunks of trees in England. There are two colorations of this moth, light and dark, and both are eaten by birds. A study found that prior to the Industrial Revolution, the number of light-colored moths found on the trunks of trees was far greater than the number of dark colored moths. The Industrial Revolution produced a great amount of pollution including soot that caused the tree trunks to have a darker color. After the Industrial Revolution the number of dark colored moths was greater than the number of light colored moths. What is the best explanation for the decrease in the number of light colored moths?

• After the Industrial Revolution started, the light colored moths left the area to go live in another, less populated environment.

• Natural selection caused the light species of moth to change into the dark species, allowing them to be better hidden.

• The dark moths were able to kill off many of the light-colored moths, so their numbers increased a lot.

• Natural selection favored the dark-colored moths because the factories were producing soot that landed on the trunks of the trees.

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