Cattle, Cotton, Railroads

The King Ranch and the XIT Ranch?

• King Ranch largest commercial ranch, XIT largest private ranch

• King Ranch funded by Chicago businessmen

• XIT Ranch was funded by California businessmen

• King Ranch largest private ranch, XIT largest commercial ranch

Who patrolled the frontier and protected settlers against Native American attacks?

• buffalo soldiers

• buffalo soldiers AND Texas Rangers

• Texas Rangers

• National Guard

Who was the last Comanche chief? He was also the son of a pioneer woman, and he helped the Comanche assimilate into American culture on the reservation.

• Red Cloud

• Sitting Bull

• Quanah Parker

• Geronimo Jones

Texas cattle drives ended and Texans began to find new ways to make a living. What did this cause?

• economic changes

• demand for oil went up

• cattle drives came back in the 1900s

• ranchers and farmers got into conflicts

What conclusion is supported by this map?

• All cattle trails led from Texas to the East.

• Cattle trails brought cows into Texas.

• There were many trails that served the cattle industry.

• Cattle trails helped Texans deal with the problem of too many cattle.

According to this map, which trail provided the best route from Austin?

• Goodnight-Loving Trail

• Western Trail

• Chisolm Trail

• Sedalia Trail

What did most freed African-Americans do after the Civil War?

• went back to the plantations and worked there

• moved to the North for factory jobs

• enlisted in the Army

• went into business for themselves

What was the effect of this invention?

• quicker communication, helped businesses with productivity

• painless way to brand cattle

• safer to install barbed wire fences

• made railroads more profitable

Which is true of tenant farmers?

• It was a reasonable method to own a farm.

• Working hard allowed tenant farmers to succeed.

• Tenant farming was difficult due to weather, competition, and low prices.

• Tenant farmers were usually given 160 acres to homestead.

Which correctly describes most former slaves in Texas after the end of the Civil War?

• railroad engineer

• tenant farmer (sharecropper)

• slave

• foreman (boss) on a plantation