Patho Ch 37

The functional unit of the kidney is (a)   .

• Nephron
• Neuron
• Alveolus
• Osteon

What supplies blood to the glomerulus?

• Peritubular capillaries
• Renal veins
• Efferent arterioles
• Afferent arterioles

Describe the sequence of structures in the kidney.

• Proximal convoluted tubule

• Loop of Henle

• Collecting duct

• Bowman's capsule

• Distal convoluted tubule

 The ​ (a)   are ​ (b)   networks that parallel the Loop of Henle. They are crucial for maintaining the ​ (c)   gradient in the medulla of the kidney, which is essential for ​ (d)   concentration.

• vasa recta
• osmotic
• urine
• capillary
• blood
• renal tubules
• filtration
• plasma

The muscle formed in the bladder to help with micturition is called the (a)   .

• Detrusor muscle
• Obturator muscle
• Psoas muscle
• Rectus abdominis

Differentiate internal vs. external urethral sphincter based on musculature and control.

• skeletal muscle

• internal urethral sphincter- control

• involuntary

• external urethral sphincter - musculature

• smooth muscle

• external urethral sphincter - control

• voluntary

• internal urethral sphincter - musculature

How much blood do the kidneys receive per minute? How does this compare to overall cardiac output?

• Kidneys receive about 1,200 mL/minute (about 20-25% of cardiac output)

• Kidneys receive about 1,200 mL/minute (about 50% of cardiac output)

• Kidneys receive about 1,500 mL/minute (about 20-25% of cardiac output)

• Kidneys receive about 2,100 mL/minute (about 50% of cardiac output)

What is the term for the filtration of the plasma per unit of time?

Match the following descriptions to their amounts

• 1,200

• normal urinary output per hour

• 0.5-1.0

• specific gravity of normal urine in adults

• 30-80

• amount of blood received by kidneys per minute in mL

• 1.010-1.018

• normal urinary output per kg per hour

• 1.010 - 1.025

• specific gravity of normal urine in infants

The blood vessels of the kidney are innervated by (a)   nerve fibers located primarily on afferent arterioles.

• sympathetic
• parasympathetic
• somatic
• sensory