Comprehensive Biology Assessment

What is the basic unit of life?

• Cell

• Molecule

• Organism

• Atom

Describe the function of the mitochondria.

• Mitochondria convert nutrients into ATP, providing energy for the cell.

• Mitochondria store genetic information for the cell.

• Mitochondria are responsible for protein synthesis.

• Mitochondria regulate the cell's water balance.

What is the role of ribosomes in a cell?

• Ribosomes synthesize proteins in a cell.

• Ribosomes transport nutrients across the cell membrane.

• Ribosomes store genetic information in a cell.

• Ribosomes are responsible for cell division.

Explain the process of natural selection.

• Natural selection occurs only in domesticated animals.

• Natural selection is the same as artificial selection.

• Natural selection is the process of random chance affecting species.

• Natural selection is the process by which organisms with favorable traits are more likely to survive and reproduce, leading to the gradual evolution of species.

What evidence supports the theory of evolution?

• Fossil records, genetic similarities, natural selection, and geographical distribution.

• Meteorological patterns

• Religious texts

• Cultural artifacts

Define genetic drift and its significance in evolution.

• Genetic drift is a deliberate process that increases genetic variation in large populations.

• Genetic drift is a random process that can lead to changes in allele frequencies in a population, significantly impacting evolution, especially in small populations.

• Genetic drift only occurs in species with high reproductive rates.

• Genetic drift is the result of natural selection favoring certain alleles.

What is CRISPR and how is it used in genetic engineering?

• CRISPR is used to enhance the flavor of food.

• CRISPR is a method for cloning entire organisms.

• CRISPR is a type of protein found in bacteria.

• CRISPR is a gene-editing technology used to modify DNA sequences in genetic engineering.

Describe the process of DNA replication.

• DNA replication is the process of protein synthesis.

• DNA replication is the process by which a cell duplicates its DNA before cell division.

• DNA replication is the method by which RNA is transcribed.

• DNA replication occurs only during the G1 phase of the cell cycle.

What are stem cells and their potential uses in biotechnology?

• Stem cells are primarily used for creating artificial intelligence systems.

• Stem cells are only found in adult tissues and have no regenerative capabilities.

• Stem cells are fully differentiated cells used in cosmetic surgery.

• Stem cells are undifferentiated cells with potential uses in regenerative medicine, drug testing, and developmental biology.

Explain the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

• Prokaryotic cells have a nucleus, while eukaryotic cells do not.

• Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and organelles, while eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and organelles.

• Eukaryotic cells are always smaller than prokaryotic cells.

• Prokaryotic cells contain membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells do not.