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is an opening in a planet or moon’s crust through which molten rock and gases trapped under the surface erupt, often forming a hill or mountain.

is red hot, with a temperature of more than 1,100 °C Thin lava flows rapidly down a volcano's slopes. Sticky lava flows more slowly.

is made up of crystals, volcanic glass, and bubbles (volcanic gases).

is a smooth and continuous lava crust. It forms when the effusion rate is low and consequently the velocity of lava flow is slow.

is a rough rubbly crust of a lava flow. It is a major lava flow type. Aa and pahoehoe are terms that were brought to geological terminology from the Hawaiian language. Aa is according to native Hawaiians a sound one makes if he or she tries to walk barefoot on such a lava flow.

are common if the silica content of lavas is higher. _________ resemble aa lavas. They also have highly irregular surfaces covered with debris, but they contain larger lava blocks with smoother sides and angular edges with common dimensions from few decimeters to several meters.

are formed from sticky magma with trapped gases that build up great amount of pressure that it blasts the magma into fragments called tephra. Tephra varies in size, from finest particles of volcanic dust and ash to largest volcanic bombs.

fine particles of rock powder that are blown out from a volcano and that may remain suspended in the atmosphere for long periods producing red sunsets and climatic modifications thousands of miles away.

A pyroclast grain with a diameter less than 2mm (0.08 inches). It shoots up and falls to the surface and molded as hot rock called volcanic tuff. Sometimes, the hot volcanic ash combines with water in a stream and forms as building and boiling mudflow.

Also called as lava bombs, are large fragments with sizes ranging from that of a baseball, a basketball or more than 1 meter across.