How were ideas as well as goods spread along the Silk Road?

• Books were sold along with other goods.
• Libraries were established along the Silk Road.
• New ideas were needed to make travel possible.
• Traders shared ideas as they traveled.

What development followed soon after the Mongol invasion of the Kievan Rus?

• Vladimir I adopted Eastern Orthodox Christianity.
• Russian princes fell under the control of Mongol rulers.
• Kiev became the region’s economic and cultural center.
• Ivan III defeated the Mongol forces.

How did Catherine the Great change Russia?

• She modernized and westernized it.
• She reformed Russia’s economy.
• She founded the Kievan Rus.
• She expanded Russia’s territory.

Why did Russia fall behind many European countries in the 1800s?

• too much dependence on agriculture
• increased focus on gaining land in Asia
• failures of the communist-run economic system
• unwillingness to trade with Europe

What was a serf?

• a Russian lord who owned a large estate
• a Mongol fighter who settled in the Kievan Rus
• a peasant legally bound to live and work on land owned by a lord
• a member of the Romanov dynasty that ruled Russia for 300 years

Which of the following economic changes did the Soviets make to Russia?

• collectivizing farms and industrializing
• eliminating poverty and shortages
• allowing serfs to own their own land
• reducing government control of the economy

What was the unexpected result of Mikhail Gorbachev’s reforms?

• The tsar was killed.
• The Soviet Union fell apart.
• Stalin came to power.
• Voters elected Vladimir Putin.

How did the end of the Soviet Union create uncertainty for Russians?

• Russians had to adjust to a communist economy that was very different from the free enterprise system.
• Russians had to adjust to a new free market system that was very different from the communist system.
• Russians had to get used to powerful leaders, which they had not had during communist rule.
• Russians had to worry about foreign relations much more than they had during the Cold War.

Which of the following made the Soviet Union a communist economy?

• Agriculture made up most of the economy.
• Goods and services were evenly distributed.
• The economy was driven by heavy industry.
• The state controlled all economic decisions.

Which of the following is evidence that President Putin’s economic reforms helped Russia’s people?

• Ownership of companies is more widely shared.
• Many Russians prefer the Soviet era.
• The state took control of the oil and gas industry.
• Russia’s poverty rate fell.