Environmental Science: Benchmark B Pre-Test

If a population grows larger than its environmental carrying capacity, then

• the death rate may rise

• immigration rate may increase

• birth rate may rise significantly

• death rate may fall significantly

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. Based on the summary equation for photosynthesis shown below, which of the

following is produced by the reaction?

6CO2 + 6H2O + light → C6H12O6 + 6O2

• CO2

• H₂O

• light

• C₆H₁₂O₆

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NGSS.MS-LS1-6

Which practice can be categorized as a sustainable practice?

• strip-mining for coal

• slash-and-burn farming

• selective cut forestry

• urban sprawl city planning

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78% of Earth's atmosphere is nitrogen gas. All living things need nitrogen as a part of DNA and RNA. Yet you and I, and other living things, cannot use the nitrogen in our atmosphere directly. One type of organism is responsible for "fixing" nitrogen or helping to put it in a form so other living things can use it. That organism is

• bacteria

• fungi

• plants

• viruses

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Aquatic Organism pH Range for Life

Clam 4.5 - 5.0

Snail 5.0 - 9.0

Bass 5.5 - 9.0

Crayfish 5.5 - 8.5

Mayfly 5.5 - 9.0

Salamander 6.0 - 8.0

Trout 6.0 - 8.5

Perch 6.5 - 8.5

Frog 7.0 - 9.5

To test acidity levels of water, scientists test pH. As acid rain falls, the pH level of the water in lakes and streams decreases. While certain animals can tolerate low pH levels, others are extremely sensitive to the effects of acid rain and cannot live under these conditions. Candice is working on a project to determine whether acid rain is causing a decrease in the number of bass and mayflies in a lake in her hometown. Candice takes a sample of the pH level of the lake, and she finds that the pH level is 5.4. What might Candice predict as a result of her findings?

• The lake's pH level of 5.4 is safe for both bass and mayflies, but not for frogs.

• The lake's pH level of 5.4 will cause a decrease in the amount of bass and mayflies.

• The lake's pH level of 5.4 will affect the number of bass, but probably not the mayflies.

• The lake's pH level of 5.4 will not affect the survival of any of the animals listed in the chart.

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What abiotic factor influences the color of the snowshoe rabbit’s fur?

• snowfall

• food available

• available water

• number of predators

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NGSS.MS-LS1-5

A major reservoir for oxygen is the atmosphere. Which of the following processes adds oxygen to the atmosphere?

• cellular respiration

• combustion

• decomposition

• photosynthesis

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Fifty years ago, bed bugs were nearly eliminated in the United States by using of pesticides like DDT. Today bed bugs are back in beds and theaters. DDT is no longer used due to environmental issues. Pyrethrums are currently the top choice for bed bug infestations. Pyrethrums are especially useful to us because they generally have a stronger effect on bugs than on humans and animals. However, bed bugs have become resistant to even this chemical pesticide. What happened that allowed the bug population to increase?

• the chemicals used currently are weaker

• the chemicals no longer can penetrate bed bugs brains

• the bed bugs of today are exactly the same as the bed bugs of fifty years ago

• the bed bugs that survived the DDT years ago, reproduced new generations of chemical resistant offspring

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What is an explanation of why producers are always found at the lowest trophic level?

• Producers are larger than consumers.

• Consumers are eaten by a variety of producers

• Producers convert light energy into chemical energy.

• Producers are found in fewer numbers than consumers.

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In a food pyramid, about __________ of the available energy is transferred to each level.

• 10%

• 25%

• 50%

• 90%

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