What cell structure determines the shape of a prokaryotic cell?

• Cell membrane
• Capsid
• Capsule
• Cell Wall

Which organelle contains the DNA of a prokaryotic cell?

• Capsid

• Glycocalyx

• Cell Wall

• Nucleoid

Which structural element of a bacteria does Gram stain depends on?

• cell membrane
• cell wall
• cytoplasmic membrane
• nucleoid

Which of the following steps or dyes are used in Gram Staining? I- Alcohol Discoloration II- Fuchsin Red III- Crystal Violet IV- Heating the media over an open flame V- Iodine solution

• I, II, IV, & V
• I, II, III, & IV
• I, II, III, and V
• All of the above
• None of the above

Who was the first person to look under the microscope, saw and sketched microbes?

• Pasteur
• Mendelev
• Leeuwenhoek
• Fleming

Bacteria are unicellular microbes, that lack a true nucleus & membrane bound organelles. What domain do bacteria belong?

• Eukaryotes
• Prokaryotes
• Eubacteria
• Acellular

What gives the hydrophobic nature of acid fast bacteria?

• carbohydrates
• proteins
• lipids
• glycogen

What is the difference of cell wall structure between gram positive and gram negative bacteria?

• A single layer of peptidoglycan
• Techoic acids
• Mycolic acids
• Mesosomes

What sterilization method effectively destroys microbes in a material or product?

• Microwave
• Hand washing
• Flemming
• Pasteurization

What is the mode of nutrition for most pathogenic bacteria?

• Autotrophic
• Heterotropic
• Saprophytic
• Entrohic