Pollution

___ contributes to the formation of ___ and thereby compounds the problem of ___

• Ozone, Co2, acid rain

• Nitric oxide, ozone, photochemical smog

• Sulfur dioxide, acid deposition, global warming

• Co2, carbon monoxide, ozone depletion

Photochemical smog does NOT require the presence of

• nitrogen oxides

• ultraviolet radiation

• peroxyacyl nitrates

• ozone

What is the largest type of domestic solid waste in the United States?

• Paper

• Yard wastes

• Plastic

• Glass

Biochemical oxygen demand is created by which type of pollution?

• Toxic chemical

• Organic matter

• Thermal pollution

• Too much oxygen

Answer explanation

Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) is the amount of dissolved oxygen that is needed by aerobic biological organisms in a body of water to break down the organic matter present in a given water sample at a certain temperature over a specific time period. It is widely used as an indication of the organic quality of the water. The BOD value is most commonly expressed in milligrams of oxygen consumed per liter of sample. BOD can be used as a gauge of the effectiveness of wastewater treatment plants.w

Total organic carbon (TOC) levels are used by hydrologists to check the health of freshwater as it affects biogeochemical processes and

• climate change

• biological unavailability

• nutrient cycling

• carbon nanotube levels

Answer explanation

Total organic carbon (TOC) levels are used by hydrologists to check the health of freshwater as it affects biogeochemical processes, bioavailability, and nutrient

Turbidity is a measure of water'sl

• transparency

• flocculation

• cloudiness

• chlorination

The amount of oxygen depletion in water depends on the speed at which a stream can take up atmospheric oxygen and replenish its

• colour

• pathogens

• minerals

• reaeration capacity

Answer explanation

Fast-flowing streams reoxygenate quickly, while deep, slow-flowing rivers take up oxygen much more slowly.

The least likely way microscopic pathogens (e.g., bacteria, viruses, and protozoa) enter waterways is through

• family pet waste

• untreated urban sewage

• farm runoff

• mining runoff

Answer explanation

Mining runoff is often the source of heavy metal and chemical contaminants rather than pathogens.

Natural and industrial emission inventories contain

• only chemical identitiy

• only physical identity

• the time period when emissions were not generated

• geographical data

Answer explanation

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change developed a set of guidelines to help countries create atmospheric inventories across international borders.

Greenhouse gases include all the following, except

• water vapour

• amino acid

• nitrous oxide

• carbon dioxide