8. The chemical reaction for the double displacement reaction of sodium carbonate with silver nitrate to yield sodium nitrate and silver carbonate is shown below. How does the reaction support the Law of Conservation of Mass?

The number of atoms in the reactants equals the number of atoms in the products.

Two molecules of silver nitrate are created.

The mass of sodium atoms is reduced during the reaction but the mass of silver atoms increases by the same amount to keep the total mass the same.

The mass of oxygen atoms is the only thing that remains the same before and after the reaction.

9. Which statement is true about a chemical reaction?

All of the atoms in the products can be found in the reactants.

If the reactants are all liquids, the products must all be liquids.

Some of the atoms in the reactants may be lost to the air in an open container and will not be part of the products.

If there are two different reactants, there will always be two different products after a chemical reaction takes place.

11. Which best describes a method for using an energy resource that creates waste which must be isolated for tens of thousands of years?

generating electricity in a nuclear power plant

installing solar panels on the roof of a business

13. Which is most likely a major concern associated with hydroelectric power plants?

Hydroelectric power plants damage ecosystems and block fish breeding routes.

Hydroelectric power plants contribute to climate change.

Hydroelectric power plants heat up the water, causing oxygen levels to get very low, killing fish.

Hydroelectric power plants produce large amounts of smog, which causes respiratory illnesses.

15. Which conclusion is best supported by these graphs?

Compared to natural gas and coal usage, total petroleum use has stayed fairly constant.

Coal use is increasing, especially in the production of electricity.

Most of the petroleum that is used in this country is used to produce electricity.

Natural gas is primarily used for transportation.

16. Which of the following would be most likely to lead to increased conservation of nonrenewable energy resources by the public?

government subsidies for the installation of solar panels

expanded hydraulic fracturing of petroleum and natural gas

elimination of government fuel economy standards for automobile manufacturers

17. Which best explains why all of the Earth's water is not available for human consumption?

Most of the Earth's water is salty.

Most of the Earth's water is polluted by nitrates and phosphates.

Most of the Earth's water is trapped underground.

Most of the Earth's water is frozen.

18. Where do most North Carolina cities get their drinking water?

surface water sources, such as lakes, rivers, and streams

groundwater sources or aquifers deep underground

19. How can the atmosphere be considered part of the hydrosphere?

It allows sunlight to pass through, allowing the water cycle to continue.

It contains the oxygen necessary for life on Earth.

It traps pollutants that would otherwise harm the Earth.

20. Which of the following is true of hydrothermal vents?

They are often surrounded by organisms in a food web that relies on chemosynthesis for its food source.

Hydrothermal vents are found in the ocean's deepest trenches.

Hydrothermal vents are often found above rich deposits of petroleum.

Hydrothermal vents are blamed for most of the climate change experienced on the Earth in the past 150 years.

21. Which of the following statements are usually true of surface ocean currents.

They are driven by wind and transport warm water.

They are driven by wind and transport cold water.

They are driven by gravity and transport cold water.

They are driven by gravity and transport warm water.

23. Which of the following most increases the risk of algal blooms in freshwater sources?

enforcement of pollution standards

25. Scientist find a dinosaur fossil in an undisturbed rock layer. What could help the scientist determine the approximate age of the fossil?

index fossils found in the same rock layer as the dinosaur fossil

the age of the trees living closest to the fossil discovery

the length of the longest bone in the dinosaur fossil

the pH of the soil found above the fossil

26. A scientist finds the bones of an unknown reptile in a layer of sedimentary rocks below a layer of volcanic rock which has an absolute age of 45 million years. What is the most likely conclusion that the scientist can draw?

The reptile lived more than 45 million years ago.

The reptile lived less than 45 million years ago.

The reptile lived 45 million years ago.

The reptile died from the eruption of a volcano.

27. The Law of Superposition is most useful for...

determining the relative age of undisturbed rock layers.

determining the half-life of a radioactive isotope.

determining the absolute age of volcanic ash.

29. A scientist analyzes a sample of granite and finds that is contains small amounts of Uranium-238 and Lead-206. She is able to measure the quantities of these two isotopes present in the rock and determine...

the composition of the atmosphere when the rock formed.

30. Which best describes a finding that scientists have discovered by studying ice cores?

The levels of carbon dioxide currently in the atmosphere are higher than any time in the past 500,000 years.

The dinosaurs are extinct because of a meteorite that hit the earth about 65 million years ago.

The levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere were higher during the ice ages than they are currently.

The levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere were higher during the time of the dinosaurs than they are today.

31. Paleontologists have discovered fossil remains of Cynognathus, a land reptile in both South America and Africa. The fossils are believed to be approximately 250 million years old. What conclusion can be drawn from these discoveries?

South America and Africa were connected to each other and moved to their current location over millions of years.

Cynognathus adapted to marine life and was able to swim across the Atlantic Ocean.

Cynognathus evolved separately on the two continents.

Both South America and Africa were below sea level 250 million years ago.

32. What is the main way that COVID-19 spreads through a community?

respiratory droplets breathed out by an infected person

contact with an infected animal

contact with a contaminated surface

33. How is malaria spread through a community?

contact with an infected animal

inhalation of contaminated respiratory droplets

contact with an infected person

contact with a contaminated object

34. What is an important way for you to avoid contracting ringworm?

wash fruits and vegetables before eating them

wear a cloth mask over your nose and mouth

35. A doctor diagnoses a patient with the flu. Is the doctor likely to prescribe an antibiotic for the patient?

No, since antibiotics are ineffective for treating viral infections such as the flu.

Yes, since antibiotics are often prescribed for viral infections such as the flu.

Yes, since antibiotics are often prescribed for bacterial infections such as the flu.

No, since antibiotics are ineffective for treating bacterial infections such as flu.

37. Which of the following is an example of gene therapy?

A drug is injected into a cancer patient, introducing a new gene into the patient’s own white blood cells that enables them to find and kill cancer cells.

A patient given a vaccine to prevent influenza.

A diabetic patient is given an injection of insulin that had been produced by bacteria that had been genetically altered.

A patient is fed genetically modified rice which has been genetically modified to provide vitamin A to counter blindness and other diseases.

38. How has biotechnology helped reduce the spread of disease?

by developing male Aedes aegypti mosquitoes that carry a “self-limiting” gene that prevents their offspring from surviving to adulthood.

by creating crops that resist certain insects.

by creating hand sanitizer that kills >99% of all bacteria.

40. In some environments, bats prey on mosquitoes. If all of the bats are removed from the environment, what would be the most likely result in the mosquito population?

The mosquito population would increase due to the presence of fewer predators.

The mosquito population would decrease due to an increase in disease.

The mosquito population would decrease due to a shortage of food.

The mosquitoes would have to adapt to new predators.

42. A population of barn owls lives in a marsh ecosystem. These owls prey mostly on a large population of mice. Recently, numbers of pythons, an invasive species, have increased dramatically in the area. The pythons also feed on mice. If the number of pythons continues to increase, which of these is most likely to happen to the owl population over time?

It will decrease in size due to competition with the pythons.

It will increase in size due to cooperation from the pythons.

It will decrease in size due to climate change.

It will increase in size due to the availability of a new food source.

46. On average, consumers at each trophic level convert on average only about 10% of the chemical energy in their food to their own tissue. What happens to the rest of the energy?

It is used by the consumer or is lost as heat.

It is left as waste and is not eaten.

It is destroyed when the consumer eats the food.

It is stored as food for consumers in the next higher trophic level.

47. Which has had the largest effect on carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere over the past 100 years?

increased use of nitrogen-rich fertilizers

increased numbers of livestock in captivity

49. The fossil record shows that life on Earth has changed over time. For example, the oldest fossils (i.e. more than 3 billion years old) that have been found are...

more complex than any alive today.

only preserved in igneous rocks.

larger than any organisms that are alive today.

50. The picture below shows the forelimbs of four different organisms. Similar bones are highlighted in the same colors. What do these similarities suggest? Drawing by Волков Владислав Петрович - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=37704829

Humans, dogs, birds, and whales share a common ancestor.

The limb structures evolved independently from each other and this shows that there is an ideal arrangement of forelimb bones.

Dogs and whales share a common ancestor but not with birds.

The common ancestor of dogs and birds was a whale.

51. Praying mantis legs and cat legs are useful for walking and climbing while whale flippers and water boatman flippers are both useful for swimming. Similar bones are highlighted in the same colors. Using the picture below, what is the most logical conclusion? Drawing by Vanessablakegraham, CC BY-SA 4.0 , via Wikimedia Commons

Cats and whales are closely related since they share similar anatomies.

Whales evolved from water boatmen.

The common ancestor of cats and whales was an insect.

Cats and preying mantises are closely related since their legs have similar functions.

52. Madagascar is a large island which lies about 400 km off the southeast coast of Africa. Approximately 90% of all plant and animal species in Madagascar are found nowhere else on earth. How do plate tectonics and evolution explain the unique species found in Madagascar?

Madagascar has moved away from Africa over millions of years and its species have evolved separately from those found in Africa.

Madagascar was never connected to other lithospheric plates and its species evolved completely on their own.

Madagascar was connected by a land bridge during the last ice age, about 15,000 years ago and its species have evolved since then.

The species that are now found only in Madagascar could not survive in Africa once the two lithospheric plates drifted apart.

Science EOG review

Authored by Jessica Thomason

Chemistry

8th Grade

NGSS covered

Used 19+ times

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60 questions

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

1. Which is a compound?

lithium

glucose

oxygen

air

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-1

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

2. Which is classified as an element?

gold

carbon monoxide

baking soda

water

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-1

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

3. This table provides information about some group 17 elements. Which is the best estimate of the boiling point of Iodine(I)?

-90 °C

15 °C

185 °C

410 °C

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-1

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

4. Which best describes the sequence of the elements in Period 3 of the periodic table?

highly reactive metals, transition metals, metalloids, reactive nonmetals, nonreactive gases

highly reactive metals, metalloids, reactive nonmetals, nonreactive gases

nonreactive gases, metalloids, nonreactive metals, highly reactive metals, highly reactive gases

nonreactive gases, nonreactive metals, highly reactive metals, metalloids, reactive nonmetals, reactive gases

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-1

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

5. Bromine has 7 valence electrons. With what group of elements will bromine most readily bond?

group 1

group 2

group 16

group 18

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-1

NGSS.HS-PS1-2

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

6. Iron filings are weighed and left in a humid room for one year. They appear rusty and when weighed again it is found that they have become slightly heavier. Which best explains this observation?

Some atoms in the air have combined with the iron, adding weight to the iron filings.

Some new iron atoms were created.

Some of the iron atoms became heavier.

Some of the atoms during the reaction changed to a different kind of atoms.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-7

NGSS.HS-PS1-2

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

7. Which is the best example of a chemical change?

ice melting

bread toasting

glass shattering

dry ice sublimating

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS1-5

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Science EOG review

1. Which is a compound?

2. Which is classified as an element?

3. This table provides information about some group 17 elements. Which is the best estimate of the boiling point of Iodine(I)?

4. Which best describes the sequence of the elements in Period 3 of the periodic table?

5. Bromine has 7 valence electrons. With what group of elements will bromine most readily bond?

6. Iron filings are weighed and left in a humid room for one year. They appear rusty and when weighed again it is found that they have become slightly heavier. Which best explains this observation?

7. Which is the best example of a chemical change?

8. The chemical reaction for the double displacement reaction of sodium carbonate with silver nitrate to yield sodium nitrate and silver carbonate is shown below. How does the reaction support the Law of Conservation of Mass?

9. Which statement is true about a chemical reaction?

10. Which chemical equation best follows the Law of Conservation of Mass?

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