Protein Synthesis & Mutation - Final Staar review

Why is DNA important?

• Living things are mainly made of DNA

• DNA is made of protein

• DNA is the instructions for making protein

• DNA is an essential nutrient in our diet

ATTTGAGCC- Original
ATTGAGCC - Mutated
The example above is an example of a 

• Insertion- Frameshift
• Deletion- Substitution
• Deletion -Frameshift
• All of the above

RNA is read in sections called:

• Triplets
• Genes
• Codons
• Genes

What is the correct amino acid sequence for the mRNA code AUGCCAGUAUGA

• Met-Pro-Ala-Val
• Met-Pro-Val
• Tyr-Gly-His
• Tyr-Gly-Arg-His

For proteins to be made, DNA must be copied into________.

• Chromosomes

• Chromatin

• RNA

• cytoplasm

How many nucleotide bases make up a code for an amino acid?

• 3

• 2

• 5

• 4

Match the following

• Amino acids

• Location of translation

• Ribo-nucleotides

  _{(RNA nucleotides)}

• Location of transcription

• Inside the nucleus

• Monomer of RNA

• Ribosome

  _{(the organelle)}

• Monomer of proteins

• In cytoplasm

  _{(at the ribosome)}

• Organelle that does translation

Nitrogenous bases are located on both strands of the DNA double helix. What is the significance of the nitrogenous bases?

• The number of adenines and cytosines determines the type of RNA that will be produced.

• The order of nitrogenous bases determines the order of amino acids in the proteins synthesized.

• The amount of thymine and guanine in the DNA molecules determines the length of the genes.

• The type of hydrogen bonding between the nitrogenous bases determines which amino acid

  will be added to the peptide chain.

Which type of cells would a mutation be inherited by offspring?

(2 Answers)

• Skin cells

• Sperm cells

• Egg cells

• Intestine cells

In protein synthesis, there are 2 steps.

The first step is ​translation ​​ (a)   is used to make (b)   in the ​​ (c)   .

After this, in translation the ​mRNA is used to make ​a ​ (d)   by the ​​ (e)  

• DNA
• mRNA
• nucleus
• protein
• ribosome