Unit 1 Changing Earth Study Guide

Define the vocabulary term: A semi-fluid layer of the Earth's mantle, located just below the lithosphere, which is involved in plate tectonic movement and isostatic adjustments.

• Asthenosphere

• Lithosphere

• Core

• Crust

Define the vocabulary term: The innermost part of the Earth, composed mainly of iron and nickel, is solid due to the immense pressure despite the high temperatures.

• Inner core

• Mantle

• Crust

• Outer core

Define the vocabulary term: The thin, outermost layer of the Earth, consisting of solid rock, which includes both continental and oceanic crust.

• Crust

• Mantle

• Core

• Lithosphere

Define the vocabulary term: The layer of the Earth located between the mantle and the inner core, composed of molten iron and nickel, which generates Earth's magnetic field.

• Outer core

• Crust

• Asthenosphere

• Lithosphere

Define the vocabulary term: The rigid outer layer of the Earth, consisting of the crust and the uppermost part of the mantle, which is divided into tectonic plates.

• Lithosphere

• Asthenosphere

• Core

• Mantle

Define the vocabulary term: Natural processes that result in changes to the structure and composition of the Earth's surface, such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and mountain building.

• Geologic processes

• Photosynthesis

• Erosion by wind only

• Human engineering

Define the vocabulary term: The thick layer of the Earth located between the crust and the outer core, composed of silicate rocks that are rich in iron and magnesium.

• Mantle

• Crust

• Inner core

• Lithosphere

Define the vocabulary term: Curved chains of volcanoes that form above subduction zones, where one tectonic plate is forced beneath another.

• Volcanic arcs

• Mid-ocean ridges

• Hot spots

• Transform faults

Define the vocabulary term: The shaking of the Earth's surface is caused by the sudden release of energy in the lithosphere due to tectonic movements.

• Earthquake

• Volcano

• Tsunami

• Landslide

Define the vocabulary term: The flow of material in the mantle caused by the heat from the Earth's core, which drives the movement of tectonic plates.

• Convection currents

• Subduction zones

• Seafloor spreading

• Continental drift