Immunity, Infection, Inflammation

Which of the following is not included in standard precautions?

• Gloves

• Gown

• Surgical Mask

• Cough etiquette

Answer explanation

Gloves, gowns, eye protection as required.

Safe disposal or cleaning of instruments and linen.

Cough etiquette: Patients and visitors should cover their nose or mouth when coughing, promptly dispose used tissues, and practice hand hygiene after contact with respiratory secretions.

Which of the following is NOT a cardinal sign of inflammation?

• Redness

• Warmth

• Pain

• Loss of function

• Elevated WBC

Answer explanation

5 Cardinal Signs of Inflammation: Redness, Warmth, Pain, Swelling, Loss of Function

Which is a sign of systemic infection?

• Redness

• Drainage (purulent)

• Edema

• Fever

Answer explanation

Systemic:

Fever, Fatigue, Malaise, Enlarged lymph nodes, N/V

Local:

Redness, Warmth, Swelling/edema, Drainage, Pain

A CAUTI is an example of...?

• a silly acronym.

• a healthcare-associated infection.

• a gram positive infection.

• a gram negative infection.

• lack of patient education.

Answer explanation

Healthcare-associated infections include CAUTI, CLABSI, and Ventilator Acquired Pneumonia.

Which of the following is true about health care-associated infections?

• HAIs are caused from accidental exposure to an infectious organism while in the hospital.

• HAIs help to bring down the cost of health care

• An infection can only be an HAI if received while inpatient in a hospital setting.

• HAIs are often not reimbursed by insurances and Medicare.

Answer explanation

Which of the following would have decreased efficacy while taking an NSAID?

• ACE inhibitors like lisinopril

• Cholesterol medications like pravastatin

• Anti-gout medications like allopurinol

• Opioid pain medications like oxycodone

Answer explanation

NSAIDs have a high risk for GI bleed and kidney dysfunction. They also have an increased risk for heart failure. NSAIDs interfere with the efficacy of ACE inhbitors like lisinopril.

Which of the following does NOT have an anti-inflammatory property

• Acetaminophen

• Glucocorticoids

• NSAIDs

• Corticosteroids

Answer explanation

Acetaminophen does not have an anti-inflammatory property. It is anti-pyretic and analgesic.

Cold therapy is best when

• you combine it with ice cream.

• applied within the first 24-48 hours of injury.

• applied after 72 hours of injury.

• applied directly to the skin.

Answer explanation

Which lab is non-specific and used to detect inflammation in the body?

• CBC

• BMP

• BUN

• ESR

Your patient is prescribed the antiviral valacyclovir for a herpes infection.

Which of the following would you include in your teaching for this medication.

• The patient is still infective as antivirals do not cure, but rather manage symptoms.

• GI upset is most common within the first 48 - 72 hours of taking these meds

• The patient will need to take this once weekly instead of daily due to her diagnosis.

• The patient should remain upright for 30 minutes after taking this medication.

Answer explanation

Antivirals are not cures, but rather help manage symptoms.

Biphosphinates require you to be upright for 30 minutes.

Methotrexate is given 1/weekly for RA, daily for some cancer treatments