Swift Biology EOC Review for Success

1. If a snake species were introduced to an ecosystem where it had no natural predators, what long-‐term effect do you predict the snakes would have on the population dynamics of the ecosystem?

• They would breed with native snake species, resulting in an increase in biodiversity in the ecosystem

• They would compete with native snake species for resources, causing a decline in native snake populations and possibly extinction.

• They would form mutualistic relationships with native snakes, since they would occupy the same niche in the ecosystem.

• They would serve as a food source for predators of native snakes, causing an increase in native snake populations.

If a company claims that its product has been proven scientifically, which of the following should have taken place if the results are to be considered reliable?

• The company should have held discussions with leading industry scientists.

• Technology should have been used in both the gathering of data and data analysis.

• Results should have been peer reviewed and repeated producing the same findings.

• The results of the investigation should have been published in popular magazines.

Based on your knowledge of scientific investigations, which stage of scientific investigation did the invention of the microscope significantly advance?

• Communicating the results of experimentation

• Gathering the data for the investigation

• Generating explanations of phenomena

• Planning the investigation and experimentation

To help patients replenish bodily fluids quickly during an illness, doctors need to understand how cells behave in their environment. Doctors have confidence in what they know about how cells behave because

• cell theory has been tested, refined, and observed to be true over hundreds of years

• large medical institutions have conducted their own experiments justifying cell theory

• the basics of cell theory have not changed much since the original experiments

• what we know about cell theory has been published in reputable journals

Which of the following best describes a result of the polar nature of water molecules?

• Ionic compounds dissolve easily in water.

• The volume of water decreases by nearly half when it is frozen.

• Water molecules repel each other.

• Water molecules repel most other substances.

Which of the following best compares the structures of lipids and carbohydrates?

• Both are made up of monosaccharide monomers, but lipids are hydrophobic and carbohydrates are hydrophilic.

• Both consist of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, but carbohydrates have repeating structural units and lipids do not.

• Both contain carbon and hydrogen, but carbohydrates also contain oxygen and lipids contain nitrogen.

• Both have a carbon backbone, but lipids also have an amino group and carbohydrates have a carboxylic acid group.

Which of the following best describes the difference between the functions of nucleic acids and enzymes?

• Nucleic acids are used as the building blocks of proteins, while enzymes are used as the building blocks of phospholipids.

• Nucleic acids contain the genetic code for protein synthesis, while enzymes catalyze chemical reactions.

• Nucleic acids inhibit biochemical reactions, while enzymes provide structural support in cells.

• Nucleic acids transmit signals that begin biochemical processes, while enzymes convert carbohydrates into lipids and proteins.

Some proteins catalyze biochemical reactions. If a genetic defect prevented a protein catalyst from being produced, which of the following do you predict would happen in the cell?

• The cell would find a different type of protein to catalyze the reaction.

• The reaction the protein catalyzes would proceed very slowly or not at all.

• The reaction the protein catalyzes would only occur in some places in the cell.

• The reverse reaction of the one the protein catalyzes would begin to proceed.

Which of the following best summarizes why the technological invention of microscopes was important to biology?

• It allowed for development of the cell theory

• It created a means of funding for cell research.

• It proved that cells could form spontaneously.

• It proved that cells could form spontaneously.

Early elements of the cell theory followed soon after the development of Hooke's light microscope. What does this relationship suggest about the evolution of the cell theory since Hooke?

• Improvements in technology are closely related to changes in the cell theory.

• Isolated scientists contributed pieces of the cell theory to form the whole.

• Progress on the cell theory was delayed by a lack of technological progress

• Scientists needed to focus less on cells and more on microscope development.