Digestive/Nutrition/Human Microbiome Review

What is considered to be the first step in the digestion process?

• Chewing
• Churning in the stomach
• Contractions in the small intestine
• Secretion of digestive enzymes by the pancreas

Bile is excreted into the ____ when needed for digestion

• gallbladder.
• liver.
• pancreas.
• duodenum.

Which section of the large intestine is associated with the appendix?

• Transverse colon
• Cecum
• Rectum
• Sigmoid colon

Most of the process of digestion and the absorption of nutrients take place in the _______

• stomach.
• small intestine.
• large intestine.
• mouth.

What is an important function of the liver?

• Produce insulin
• Maintain glucose levels in the blood
• Produce thyroxine
• Secrete estrogen

The liver receives oxygen-poor, nutrient-rich blood from the digestive organs and spleen by way of the

• portal vein.
• portal artery.
• central vein.
• hepatic artery.

Digestive enzymes are produced by all of these EXCEPT the__________.

• pancreas.
• salivary glands.
• pylorus.
• stomach.

When bile is needed for digestion, the gallbladder releases it through the

• lymph duct.
• venous duct.
• common bile duct.
• hepatic duct.

Which of the following is a function of the gallbladder?

• Production of bile
• Storage and concentration of bile
• Formation of bile salts
• Digestion of fat

What purpose is served by the numerous folds and millions of villi (microscopic projections) in the small intestine?

• They increase peristalsis to allow for better movement through the intestine.
• They increase the surface area to allow for greater absorption.
• They secrete bile to facilitate digestion.
• They release substances to neutralize stomach acid.

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