Network Fundamentals

What is the Open System Interconnection (OSI) model?

• A framework for organizing the set of communication protocols used in the Internet and similar computer networks according to functional criteria.

• The first workable prototype of the Internet.

• A set of rules for routing and addressing packets of data so that they can travel across networks and arrive at the correct destination.

• The layer that is the closest to the end user.

What is data encapsulation?

• When a host transmits data across a network to another device, it is wrapped with protocol information at each layer of the OSI model.

• Rules of communication between network devices.

• A unique, 12-character alphanumeric attribute that is used to identify individual electronic devices on a network.

• A protocol that devices within a network use to communicate problems with data transmission.

What is the purpose of the Physical Layer?

• Provides node-to-node data transfer and handles error correction from the physical layer.

• Responsible for packet forwarding, including routing through different routers.

• Represents the electrical and physical representation of the system.

• The layer that is the closest to the end user.

What is the purpose of the Transport Layer?

• To coordinate the data transfer between end systems and hosts.

• To provide node-to-node data transfer and handle error correction from the physical layer.

• To be responsible for packet forwarding, including routing through different routers.

• To present data for the application or the network.

What is TCP?

• A protocol that devices within a network use to communicate problems with data transmission.

• A hardware or physical address that is used to identify individual electronic devices on a network.

• A set of rules for routing and addressing packets of data so that they can travel across networks and arrive at the correct destination.

• A communications standard that enables application programs and computing devices to exchange messages over a network.

What is the purpose of the Presentation Layer?

• To coordinate the data transfer between end systems and hosts.

• To provide node-to-node data transfer and handle error correction from the physical layer.

• To present data for the application or the network.

• To represent the electrical and physical representation of the system.

What is the purpose of the Application Layer?

• To coordinate the data transfer between end systems and hosts.

• To provide node-to-node data transfer and handle error correction from the physical layer.

• To present data for the application or the network.

• To receive information directly from users and display incoming data to the user.

What is UDP?

• A communications standard that enables application programs and computing devices to exchange messages over a network.

• A protocol that devices within a network use to communicate problems with data transmission.

• A communications protocol for time-sensitive applications like gaming or playing videos.

• A set of rules for routing and addressing packets of data so that they can travel across networks and arrive at the correct destination.

What is the purpose of the ARP protocol?

• To provide node-to-node data transfer and handle error correction from the physical layer.

• To coordinate the data transfer between end systems and hosts.

• To connect an ever-changing IP address to a fixed physical machine address in a local-area network (LAN).

• To present data for the application or the network.

What is the difference between TCP and UDP?

• TCP is a communications protocol for time-sensitive applications, while UDP is a communications standard that enables application programs to exchange messages over a network.

• TCP provides speedier communication because it does not spend time forming a firm connection with the destination before transferring the data, while UDP ensures the successful delivery of data and messages over networks.

• TCP is a reliable protocol that ensures the successful delivery of data and messages over networks, while UDP is an unreliable protocol that does not guarantee successful delivery of data and messages over networks.

• TCP is a connection-oriented protocol that provides guaranteed delivery of data, while UDP is a connectionless protocol that does not guarantee delivery of data.