Filariae

Long, thread-like nematodes

• Pinworms

• Threadworms

• Hookworms

• Filariae

Final host of filarial worms

• Man

• Mosquito

• Fish

• Canids

Habitat is the lower lymphatic system

• Wuchereria bancrofti

• Brugia malayi

Treatment and prevention of Filarial worms

• Diethycarbamazine citrate (DEC)

• Ivermectin

• Albendazole

• Thiabendazole

• Mebendazole

Diagnostic test of filaria that stimulates microfilaria to come out to the peripheral blood

• Diethylcarbamazine "provocative" test

• Concentration techniques

• Serology

• Radiography

• Ultrasonography

Pathogenesis of filarial worms

• Lymphangitis & lymphadenitis

• Lymphedema

• Elephantiasis

• Scrotal lymphatics

Worms are usually localized in the _

• lymph vessels of the lower extremities

• inguinal lymph nodes

• epididymis of males

• labial glands of females

• tonsils

During a blood meal, larvae emerge from the proboscis onto the skin of another susceptible host and actively penetrate the skin through the bite wound to reach the lymphatic vessels and nodes where they develop into adult worms

• True

• False

After _ of development, third stage larva force their way out of the muscles, causing considerable damage and migrate towards the mosquito’s head and proboscis

• 5 to 20 days

• 6 to 20 days

• 7 to 21 days

• 8 to 23 days

Adult females produce _ , which gain entrance to the peripheral blood circulation where they are picked up by the appropriate mosquito vector during a blood meal