Antibiotics/Antimicrobials

Which type of antibiotics are most likely to cause side-effects?

• Narrow spectrum antibiotics

• Broad spectrum antibiotics

• Antibiotics made from plants

• Antibiotics made from animals

What is antibiotic resistance?

• The ability of antibiotics to fight viral infections

• The ability of bacteria to multiply rapidly

• The ability of previously sensitive species of bacteria to resist the effects of antibiotics

• The ability of antibiotics to cure all types of infections

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-5

In general, what is the common mechanism of action of antifungals?

• stop cell wall synthesis

• stop protein synthesis

• stop nucleic acid synthesis

• they target sterols in the plasma membrane

What drug is the most versatile and effective antifungal and is often used to treat systemic fungal infections?

• Amphotericin B

• Vancomycin

• miconazole

• tetracycline

Why is it necessary to practice HAART when treating HIV?

• the antiviral drugs are broad spectrum

• there are few points in the replication cycle where we can target HIV

• HIV replicates very rapidly

• to decrease the development of drug resistant virus

Selective toxicity means that

• the drug kills only a small subset of microbes

• the drug kills bacteria but not helminths

• the drug kills microbes but is not harmful to the host

• the drug can be used at a wide range of concentrations

It is most difficult to find a drug with selective toxicity when

• the microbe is prokaryotic

• the microbe is a bacteria

• the microbe has been newly discovered

• the microbe has many cellular similarities to human cells

The first discovered antibiotic was

• tetracycline

• novobiocin

• penicillin

• azithromycin

Over half of the antibiotics are made by

• bacteria

• fungi

• helminths

• protozoa

Which of the following are mechanisms of action of antimicrobial drugs (choose all that apply)

• damaging the plasma membrane

• inhibit nucleic acid synthesis

• altering cell surface receptors on the bacteria

• inhibit metabolic pathways

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-2