8.E.1.2 Application Practice

Light does not reach the bottom of the ocean, yet certain species live there. Which best explains how species on the bottom of the ocean get energy to live?

• Algae and bacteria produce energy through photosynthesis.

• Hydrothermal vents produce energy through chemical reactions.

• Dead plants and animals produce energy through decomposition.

How does buoy technology assist coastlines worldwide?

• It detects tsunami intensity, allowing for early evacuation of coastlines.

• It measures temperature, precipitation and winds off shore to assist in weather predictions for the coastline.

• It detects the level of destruction of hurricanes allowing for early

  evacuation and preparation for high winds.

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NGSS.HS-ESS2-5

Which best describes the most abundant form of ocean life?

• fish

• algae

• microbes

What would most likely happen to the entire ocean food web if plankton were not available?

• All organisms that live in the ocean would not survive.

• The organisms would adapt and find another source of food.

• Only whales and other large ocean mammals would be affected.

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How does burning fossil fuels on land impact CO levels in the ocean?

• If oceans absorb too much CO from the atmosphere, then the water increases in turbidity, harming marine life.

• As oceans absorb CO gases from the atmosphere, their dissolved oxygen levels decrease, harming marine life.

• Oceans absorb CO gases until levels become too high, then they can no longer be processed by the ocean and become harmful to marine life.

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Which best describes black lumps of manganese mined from the ocean floor?

• bioluminescence

• magma

• nodules

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What is the best comparison of density currents and upwelling in the ocean?

• Density currents are caused by the pushing of water; upwelling is

  caused by El Niño.

• Density currents are caused by El Niño; upwelling is caused by the pushing of water.

• Density currents are caused by differences in salinity and temperature; upwelling is caused when wind causes surface water to move away from shore.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

Which explains the true relationship between carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and the oceans?

• Ocean waters can hold small amounts of carbon dioxide.

• Cooler waters release excess carbon dioxide.

• Warmer waters release excess carbon dioxide.

Why is productivity greatest near the ocean’s surface?

• More predators live in the top layers of the ocean.

• Salinity at all layers of the open ocean is fairly consistent.

• Sunlight penetrates the top layers of the ocean, so photosynthesis

  occurs there.

• Nutrients, minerals, and gases are more available to marine life in

  the bottom layers of the ocean.

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Which best explains the poor productivity of the open ocean?

• Photosynthesis is reduced because sunlight does not penetrate very

  deeply.

• Most of the phytoplankton is found at depths where there is no

  sunlight penetration.

• Photosynthesis cannot occur in the phytoplankton because the

  temperature is too high.

• Large fish consume most of the phytoplankton, which reduces

  photosynthetic reactions.

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