Life Science PMA Review

Salamanders lay their eggs in the water where they stay until they are ready to be hatched. During a particularly hot summer, there was a lack of rain. What is the most likely reason for a low population of salamanders in the area?

• Lack of rain interrupted the life cycle of the salamanders.
• Salamanders moved to another area.
• Salamanders couldn’t find mates.
• Predators ate all the salamanders.

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NGSS.MS-LS1-5

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Which statement most closely agrees with the theory of evolution by means of natural selection, as explained by Darwin?

• Only the strongest can survive.
• Humans were created from chimps.
• Only favorable traits are passed from one generation to the next.
• Organisms better adapted to their immediate environment are most likely to survive and reproduce.

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NGSS.MS-LS4-4

Predict which of the factors MOST LIKELY contributed to the development of different beaks in these four birds?

• There was variation between individual birds in their desire to change.
• There was an absence of less favorable traits in the population of birds.
• The different bird beaks give finches an advantage in finding different food sources.
• The different bird beaks were found only on a few birds in each population of finches.

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NGSS.MS-LS4-4

In pea plants, the trait for round seeds (R) is dominant and the trait for wrinkled seeds (r) is recessive. Create a cross between two heterozygous parents. What percentage of pea plants will have the phenotype for round seeds?

• 100%
• 75%
• 50%
• 25%

Which relationship is most similar to the relationship between genes and chromosomes?

• Directions for building a structure
• Stairs going to the second floor
• Sails that powers the boat
• Fur covering a polar bear

Round (R) seeds are dominant over wrinkled seeds (r). Laura crosses a heterozygous plant with a plant that produces wrinkled seeds. What is the genotype and phenotype for the missing offspring in this Punnett Square?

• Heterozygous with round seeds
• Heterozygous with wrinkled seeds
• Homozygous dominant with round seeds
• Homozygous recessive with wrinkled seed

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The number of cells in two separate petri dishes was recorded over a period of 20 days. The data shown in the table best illustrates which part of the cell theory?

• All living things are made up of cells.
• Cells are the basic unit of living things.
• Organisms can be single celled or many celled.
• All cells come from preexisting cells.

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NGSS.MS-LS1-1

When cells die within an organ, homeostasis is interrupted. What will most likely happen so that homeostasis can be maintained?

• The organ will continue to work, but with decreased function.
• The organ will immediately shut down so that no further damage will occur.
• The remaining cells will be unable to divide and the organ will quit working.
• The remaining cells will reproduce in order to replace the ones that have died.

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The cell membrane regulates the amount of water and other molecules as they pass into or out of the cell. What is this balance between the water on the inside and outside of the cell called?

• Regulation
• Homeostasis
• Diffusion Pressure
• Hydrological Stability

For her science project, Suzanne made an animal cell using a rectangular shoe box, pipe cleaners, and construction paper. One comment that the teacher made was that Suzanne should not have used a shoe box. Why did the teacher make this comment?

• Animal cells are more round and do not have a rigid cell wall.
• Animal cell shape is more like a stop sign than a rectangle.
• Plant cell shape is more round than rectangular.
• Plant and animal cells have a similar shape.