Which of the following pathogen types may fail to exhibit all characteristics of life unless interacting with a host?

• Viruses

• Bacteria

• Fungi

• Protozoan

A nosocomial infection is one that is acquired in a healthcare setting.

• True

• False

Answer explanation

Nosocomial comes from the Latin nosocomium, which means hospital or institution for the sick

A failure of proper non-self recognition occurs in individuals suffering autoimmune disorders.

• True

• False

Which part of the nervous system is least directly involved in a spinal reflex?

• Sensory neurons

• Motor neurons

• Spinal cord

• Brain

Which of the following pathogens is best described as a mis-folded protein?

• Amoeba

• Prion

• Bacteria

• Fungi

"Master gland" of the body and produces/releases 6 hormones.

• Thymus

• Thyroid

• Anterior Pituitary

• Posterior Pituitary

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Considering nerve impulse transmission along the nerve and across the synapse, which of the following types of ions is NOT necessary for this process?

• K+

• Na+

• Cl-

• All of these answers

Answer explanation

Na+ and K+ are involved in the nerve impulse down the axon while Ca++ allows for the neurotransmitter Acetylcholine to be released to continue the signal at the synapse.

During cell-mediated immunity, the helper-T cells directly attack and destroy the pathogen.

• True

• False

If the sodium channels start to close in the neuron membrane and potassium channels open, which phase of the nerve impulse is occuring?

• Resting Potential

• Repolarization

• Depolarization

• Not sure...

Answer explanation

The antibody-mediated immune response is the type of immunity that does not produce memory cells.

• True

• False

Answer explanation