AP Review Practice 1

In their discussions of the process of development, the advocates of nature in the nature-nurture controversy emphasize which of the following?

• socialization

• congnition

• maturation

• experience

• information processing

A basic assumption underlying the evolutionary approach to sexual attraction is that men seek potential mates who

• display financial resources

• have a high social status

• appear fertile

• are taller than average

• are highly educated

The notion that human behavior is greatly influenced by unconscious thoughts and desires is most consistent with which of the following psychological approaches?

• cognitive

• biological

• behavioral

• socialcultural

• psychodynamic

Of the following, a behavioral psychologist is most likely to study the

• perceived locus of control of adults who experience panic attacks

• formation of emotional attachments to significant others

• defense mechanisms used by depressed adults and children in stressful situations

• genetic basis for schizophrenic disorders

• effects of token economies on establishing social skills among children with emotional disturbances

In studying the behavior of five year olds in freeplay situations, a cognitive psychologist would be most interested in the children's

• problem-solving strategies

• toy preferences

• degree of cooperative behavior

• prosocial play activities

• choice of playmates

Cognitive psychologists are most likely to study

• the acquisition of knowledge, planning, and problem solving

• how infants move from basic trust to autonomy

• the conflicts of the conscious and the unconscious

• the relationship of cephalocaudal and proximodistal development

• how attribution processes vary across cultures

Gestalt psychologists studied how

• dream analysis brings unconscious conflicts to the surfacce because of psychoanalytic principles

• supporting someone no matter wht they do leads to a strong self-concept for the person as a result of unconditional positive regard

• pairing a neutral stimulus with a stimulus that reflexively produces a response eventually leads to the neutral stimulus producing the response becaue of the principles of classical contitioning

• giving someone a reward after a behavior increases the likelihood that the behavior will be repeated in the future because of the principle of positive reinforcement

• people see a triangle with missing corners as a complete triangle because of the principle of closure

An important difference between humanistic and psychoanalytic approaches is that humanistic psychologists believe in the importance of

• learnig

• free will

• determinism

• biological instincts

• unconscious processes

An industrial-organizational psychologist would be most likely to study the

• cognitive development of adults

• recreational activities in a community center

• effectiveness of management training

• industrialization of the United States

• career development of high school students

Ivan Pavlov is best known for his research that involved paring the ringing of a bell with the presentation of food. Food naturally caused the dogs to salivate, and eventually the dogs salivated to the sound of the bell alone. Pavlov named this phenomenon

• cognitive development

• classical conditioning

• operant conditioning

• humanism

• behaviorism