Category 1 part 2

Which table best compares the events that occur during different stages of the cell cycle?

(5.A 2022)

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Which model accurately shows a cell progressing through mitosis?

(5.A 2022)

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The diagram shows the major stages of the cell cycle and the percentage of time spent in each phase. Which statement best describes why a cell spends the majority of its time in interphase?

(5.A 2021)

• The cell is growing and carrying out processes such as metabolism and DNA replication. 

• The cell is aging and processes are stopping as lysosomes clear dead cell matter away. 

• The cell needs time to synthesize spindle fibers to complete mitosis. 

• The cell needs time to complete cytokinesis. 

Scientists determined the total mass of DNA from a sample of animal cells. The masses of equal numbers of cells were taken during three different stages of the cell cycle. Stage I contains cells massed during G₁ of the cell cycle.

Which statement best describes the cells during Stage II?

(5.A 2021)

• The cells have replicated their DNA, but have not completed mitosis and cytokinesis.

• The cells have completed mitosis and cytokinesis without replicating their DNA.

• The cells have replicated their DNA and completed mitosis and cytokinesis.

• The cells have temporarily exited the cell cycle without replicating their DNA.

When a stem cell divides, it produces two daughter cells. One daughter cell will remain a stem cell, while the other daughter cell will differentiate into a specialized cell.

 

Which factor will most directly determine what type of specialized cell will be produced?

(5.B 2022)

• The size of the cell

• The length of the cell cycle

• The number of chromosomes that are replicated

• The genes that are expressed

Environmental factors typically activate genes in a cell by causing the cell to —

(5.B 2021)

• produce identical daughter cells through mitosis

• form haploid gamete cells through meiosis

• fuse with another cell to increase the size of its genome 

• transcribe specific DNA segments to mRNA for translation

Normal cells have a contact inhibition feedback mechanism that prevents the cells from replicating when other cells are touched. A diagram of cells with contact inhibition and cells without contact inhibition is shown.

Which statement best describes what will happen to cells in an organism that lack contact inhibition?

(5.C 2022)

• The cells will continue to grow, causing a tumor in the body.

• The cells will replicate normally, replacing body cells that die.

• The cells will replicate until the food supply for each cell is used, causing each cell to die.

• The cells will stop replicating once one layer is produced, as other body cells will crowd them out.

During the cell cycle, proteins called cyclins bind to enzymes that send signals for the cell to progress through stages of cell replication. At the end of this cycle, the cyclins degrade to prevent further signaling for the cell to divide. 

 

Uncontrolled production of cyclins will most likely result in —

(5.C 2021)

• the formation of tumors

• the immediate death of the cell 

• the transfer of cyclins to other cells 

• the formation of haploid cells

The diagram below represents the cell cycle. Click on the part of the diagram that represents the period when the cell is actively dividing and becoming two cells.

DNA has to be synthesized (replicated) before entering into mitosis. The section of this graph that depicts when DNA is synthesized is the ​ (a)   . Right before mitosis, the cell will go through the ​ (b)   phase, attempting to correct any errors in DNA. Move the correct answer to the box.

• S phase

• G2 phase

• G1 phase

• M phase