Biology EOC Practice Test

What is the function of a restriction enzyme?

• to control the movement of proteins into a cell

• to regulate blood sugar levels

• to produce hormones that regulate digestion

• to cut DNA at a specific nucleotide sequence

Some marine worms and mollusks go through similar larval stages during development. Which can be inferred about their relationship?

• They share a common ancestor

• The mate with each other

• They compete for a habitat

• The share the same food source

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Which molecules are joined together to make proteins?

• fatty acids

• nucleic acids

• amino acids

• acetic acids

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Which word equation best represents the process of cellular respiration?

• carbon dioxide + glucose → oxygen + water

• carbon dioxide + water → glucose + oxygen

• glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water

• oxygen + water → carbon dioxide + glucose

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How does the body of a runner keep up with the demand for energy when cellular oxygen levels are low?

• through energy production in the mitochondria

• through aerobic respiration in the plasma membrane

• through ATP produced directly from sunlight

• through anaerobic respiration in the cytoplasm

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Plant cells are able to produce their own food. This process happens in which structure?

• cell wall

• chloroplast

• mitochondrion

• vacuole

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Which statement best explains how sweating during exercise maintains homeostasis?

• It regulates mineral concentrations in cells

• It regulates body temperature

• It maintains water balance

• It maintains sugar balance in cells

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Which statement best explains why animals are considered heterotrophic?

• They are able to produce food through the process of photosynthesis.

• They are able to produce food through the process of respiration.

• They are able to obtain nutrients by decomposing plant and animal tissue.

• They are able to obtain nutrients by consuming other organisms or their products

In some ecosystems, wolves have been eliminated due to their threats to humans. How can the reintroduction of wolves benefit the ecosystem?

• It can eliminate weak animals from a prey population, thereby decreasing competition for natural resources

• It can eliminate the most fit animals among the prey population, which will cause an increase in birth rates of the prey

• It can cause the prey population to migrate to other areas, resulting in more fit prey.

• It can cause the prey population to better blend in with their environment.

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What will most likely be the result as humans move into new areas, forests are clear cut and housing developments are built?

• Global temperatures will decrease because trees are removed.

• Many organisms will lose their homes because their habitats have been destroyed.

• Better sanitation in the area will reduce the amount of pollution.

• The rainfall in the area will increase because there will be increased runoff.

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