Lipid Metabolism

Which of the following are major end products of the digestion of TAG?

• Phospholipids and amino acids

• Glucose and fructose

• 2-MAG, 1-MAG, glycerol, and fatty acids

• Cholesterol esters and bile salts

Answer explanation

Digestion of TGL occurs with the help of pancreatic lipase,

isomerase and a colipase. The major end products of the digestion of TAG are 2-MAG, 1-MAG, glycerol and

fatty acids

Which of the following molecules is essential for the emulsification and absorption of lipids in the small intestine?

• Pancreatic Lipase

• Gastrin

• Bile Salts

• Pepsin

Answer explanation

Bile salts are essential for emulsifying and absorbing lipids in the small intestine. They help in breaking down large lipid droplets into smaller ones, making it easier for lipases to digest them. Bile salts also aid in the absorption of lipids by forming micelles that can diffuse across the intestinal epithelium.

The acyl-CoA formed in the cytosol is transported to the ___ for oxidation using a shuttle involving the intermediate formation of acyl- _____.

• mitochondrial matrix,   coenzyme A.

• mitochondrial matrix,  carnitine.

• microsomes,   Coenzyme A.

• None of the above

Answer explanation

The complete beta-oxidation of palmitoyl CoA yield

• 8 molecules of Acetyl CoA and 7 NADH

• 8 molecules of Acetyl CoA and 7 FADH2

• 8 molecules of Acetyl CoA, 7 NADH, and 7 FADH2

• 8 molecules of Acetyl CoA and 16 NADPH

Which of the following step is committed to the formation of ketone bodies?

• Formation of Acetoacetyl CoA catalyzed by thiolase

• Formation of HMG CoA catalyzed by HMG CoA synthase

• Splitting of HMG CoA to acetyl CoA and acetoacetate catalyzed by HMG CoA lyase

• Reduction of acetoacetate to Beta-hydroxybutyrate catalyzed by Beta-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase

Answer explanation

________ Substrate which is required _______ enzyme for the formation of Malonyl CoA during Fatty acid Synthesis

• Acetyl CO-A, Acetyl CO-A Carboxylase

• Acetyl CO-A, Acetyl CO-A Decarboxylase

• Acetyl CO-A, Acetyl CO-A dehydrogenase

• Acyl CO-A, Acyl CO-A Carboxylase

Synthesis of fatty acid requires _____, while degradation requires _____and ______

• NADPH, NAD & FAD

• NADH, NAD & FAD

• NADPH, NADH & FADH2

• FAD, NAD & FAD

An enzyme required for the synthesis of ketone bodies as well as cholesterol is

• Acetyl CoA carboxylase

• HMG CoA synthase

• HMG CoA reductase

• HMG CoA lyase

The highest phospholipids content is found in ________

• Chylomicrons

• VLDL

• LDL

• HDL

Answer explanation

HDL has the highest phospholipid content among all other lipoproteins

which statement depicts the exact difference between HDL 3 & HDL 2

• HDL 3 have high Cholesterol and high triglyceride level than HDL2 molecule

• HDL 2 have high cholesterol and low triglyceride than HDL 3

• HDL 3 have high cholesterol and low triglyceride than HDL 2

• HDL 3 have low cholesterol and low triglycerides than HDL 2

Answer explanation