APES Unit 9 Review

Which of the following best identifies the reason that chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) were banned in 1996 by the Montreal Protocol?

• CFCs increased acid deposition in northern latitudes.

• CFCs increased the rates of cancer in workers in mining operations.

• CFCs led to a spike in the number of respiratory illnesses diagnosed in children.

• CFCs led to the destruction of stratospheric ozone.

All of the following gases have been implicated in contributing to the increase in global temperature via the greenhouse effect EXCEPT

• O2

• CH4

• N2O

• CO2

• CFCs

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS2-6

NGSS.HS-ESS3-5

Which of the following is part of a positive feedback mechanism associated with global climate change?

• Increased cloudiness caused by more moisture in the atmosphere

• Melting of Arctic sea ice

• Increased growth of CO₂ -absorbing trees and grasses

• Increased acidity of seawater

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS2-2

Which of the following best describes how an anthropogenic activity can increase ocean acidification?

• Emissions from power plants that burn fossil fuels increase atmospheric carbon dioxide, which is absorbed by the ocean.

• A spill from an oil rig in the ocean can have acute toxic effects on fish and other aquatic organisms, which disrupt the aquatic food web.

• Tourist activities in coastal areas increase the concentration of sunscreen in the water, which decreases the photosynthetic rates of aquatic producers and increases the pH of the ocean.

• During and after a major volcanic eruption, large amounts of greenhouse gases, aerosols, and ash are released into the stratosphere, which affects global climate.

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS2-6

Coral bleaching can be hazardous to some fish species because

• decomposition of corals can lead to ocean acidification

• coral reefs provide unique habitats for fish

• the dead corals attract predators that feed on the fish

• the corals are the primary source of O2 in ocean water

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS2-6

NGSS.HS-LS4-5

Reasons that the population size of an exotic species often grows rapidly when the species is introduced in a new environment include which of the following?

I. The exotic species is resistant to pesticides.

II. There is a large, underutilized food source in the new environment.

III. The exotic species has few natural predators in the new environment.

• I only

• III only

• II and III

• I and III

• I and II

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS2-6

NGSS.HS-LS4-2

NGSS.HS-LS4-5

Brown marmorated stink bugs are native to China and Japan. They were identified in Pennsylvania for the first time in 1998 and have since spread across North America, feeding on agricultural crops.

Which of the following characteristics of the brown marmorated stink bug has led to them being an invasive species in North America?

• They are tolerant of a wide range of environmental conditions.

• They have only a few surviving offspring each year.

• They are often eaten by native wasps and birds.

• They reach maturity slowly.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-2

NGSS.HS-LS4-5

If mean global temperature keeps on increasing as predicted by contemporary scientists, which of the following is most likely?

• There will be fewer insects pests and disease-carrying organisms.

• Specialist species living in fragile ecosystems will risk extinction.

• There will be an increase in the reproductive rate of mammals.

• The geographical range of many plants will move toward the equator.

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS3-5

NGSS.HS-LS2-6

NGSS.HS-LS4-5

A large forested area is fragmented into small forest tracts separated by agricultural areas. This change will most likely lead to

• an increase in the population of top carnivores

• an improvement in the dispersal mechanisms of forest species

• a decrease in the amount of edge habitat

• a more stable regional climate

• a decrease in the gene flow within species of the original forest

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS2-6

NGSS.HS-LS4-5

"Bad ozone" occurs in the

• Lithosphere

• Mesosphere

• Stratosphere

• Troposphere