SC Geog Worksheet 8.3: Karst Landscapes Cloze Test

​ (a)   is an area of flat, exposed blocks of ​ (b)   , which are separated by intersecting ​ (c)   .

• Limestone pavement
• limestone
• joints
• Burren
• carbonation
• ice age
• soil
• rock
• permeable
• atmosphere

An example of limestone pavement can be found in the karst region of the ​ (a)   , Co. Clare. Limestone pavement is formed by the weathering process of ​ (b)   , which shapes the limestone into its paved pattern.

• Burren
• carbonation
• ice age
• soil
• rock
• permeable
• atmosphere
• weathering
• Lahinch
• Ennis

Limestone pavement began to form in the Burren after the last ​ (a)   , as glaciers stripped away the overlying ​ (b)   and ​ (c)   and exposed the limestone rock to the outside ​ (d)   .

• ice age
• soil
• rock
• environment
• permeable
• atmosphere
• weathering
• stone age
• ground
• forces

As rainwater in the ​ (a)   mixes with carbon dioxide, it forms a weak ​ (b)   which then falls to the ground, becoming more acidic as it flows across the soil: H2O + CO2 = ​ (c)   . This carbonic acid reacts with limestone to form a ​ (d)   substance called calcium bicarbonate: H2CO3 + CaCO3 = Ca(H2CO3)2.​

• atmosphere
• carbonic acid
• H2CO3
• soluble
• ozone layer
• substance
• H2CO2
• forces
• grey

As the carbonic acid falls on the limestone, it flows through the cracks and joints – this is known as ​ (a)   . As the water percolates through, it ​ (b)   the limestone and ​ (c)   the gaps between the cracks and joints. The widened and deepened joints form a series of ​ (d)   lines known as ​ (e)   .

• percolation
• dissolves
• widens
• intersecting
• grikes
• carbonation
• melts
• clints
• jagged
• lengthens

Once a grike develops, more ​ (a)   water drains into it, causing it to ​ (b)   further. As the grikes become deeper, the limestone is divided into blocks called ​ (c)   . If water lodges on top of a clint, a small hollow known as a ​ (d)   may form due to carbonation.

• acidic
• deepen
• clints
• karren
• calcite
• weaken
• grikes
• flagon

When these hollows overflow, the water runs across the clint and into a grike, carving a small ​ (a)   between them over time – this is known as ​ (b)   .

• channel
• fluting
• intersection
• karrening
• griking
• river
• ravine
• valley
• chunking