Unit 8 and 9 Test Review

Which type of natural selection will most likely lead to the creation of TWO new species

• directional

• disruptive

• stabilizing

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NGSS.HS-LS4-4

NGSS.HS-LS4-5

A paleontologist has discovered a fossil of a jawbone from a prehistoric carnivore. It is similar to the other fossils found in nearby areas but has some unique characteristics and was found in a much deeper rock layer. Which of the following is a reasonable conclusion about the fossilized animal?

• the animal was the same species as the other fossils but lived much more recently

• the animal was a descendent of the other fossils but became extinct due to poor adaptations to the environment

• the animal was an ancestor of the other fossils

• the animal was an unrelated carnivore that lived in the area long before the other fossils

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NGSS.MS-LS4-1

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

During which life cycle of viruses are the host cells destroyed?

• lytic

• lysosome

• lysogenic

• lactose

One reason common names are not useful to biologists is that they

• are in Latin

• can apply to more than one animal

• are too long

• require the use of a dichotomous key

Which of the following sequences shows the correct hierarchy of classification, going from broadest to most specific?

• Kingdom, Phylum, Order, Class, Family, Genus, Species

• Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

• Genus, Species, Kingdom, Phylum, Order, Class, Family

• Phylum, Kingdom, Genus, Species, Family, Order, Class

Which of the following conclusions can be drawn by studying the evolutionary relationships presented in this phylogenetic tree?

• Sharks and ray-finned fishes evolved at approximately the same time in evolutionary history

• Primate species have remained relatively unchanged throughout their history on Earth

• Amphibians evolved on Earth after a complete extinction of all ray-finned fish species

• Crocodiles and birds became separate species but share a common ancestor

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NGSS.MS-LS4-1

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

Based on the cladogram shown below, which of the following statements is true?

• Species 2, 3, and 4 are descendants of ancestor D

• Species 5 is a descendant of ancestor B

• Species 1 is a descendant of ancestor D

• Species 2 and 3 are descendants of ancestor C

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NGSS.MS-LS4-1

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

Which pair of organisms show convergent evolution?

• Despite being close relatives, cattle and giraffes have drastically different neck lengths.

• Ducks develop different mating dances to avoid mating with other ducks from different species.

• A bluegill sunfish and a redear sunfish, closely related, have similar fin shapes and color patterns

• Tasmanian devils and wolverines are both thick-bodied predators with crushing teeth and similar food sources, but they are not at all related.

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NGSS.MS-LS4-2

A particular bird species found in North America obtains most of its food energy by catching and eating insects. A mutation arises in this bird population that increases the length of its beak. Although many mutations are harmful, this mutation has increased the ability of the bird to catch and eat certain insects. Which of these is the most likely outcome of this mutation?

• The insects that are eaten by this bird are likely to become extinct.

• Longer beaks will result in the birds eating other, more useful, food items.

• Other bird species will be more likely to also develop longer beaks in order to compete.

• Individual birds with the mutation will be more likely to survive and reproduce than birds without the mutation.

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NGSS.MS-LS3-1

NGSS.MS-LS4-4

The theory of ________ is the leading evolutionary theory of the origin of eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic organisms. Evolutionists use evidence to support the claim that mitochondria in cells today are the descendants of aerobic prokaryotes that used oxygen to generate energy.

• Endosymbiosis

• Ingestion

• Mutualism

• Natural selection