Waves Review

Which of these is true of light waves?

• They cannot pass through solids.

• They do not diffract around corners.

• They are longitudinal waves.

• They do not need a medium through which to travel.

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NGSS.MS-PS4-2

The intensity of a sound is directly related to the amount of energy the sound wave possesses. This, in turn, is directly related to the loudness of the sound. So, a sound wave with a large intensity always has a large _______.

• amplitude

• frequency

• all of these

• wavelengeh

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NGSS.MS-PS4-1

Because of the Doppler effect, sound _______ as the source moves toward an observer and _______ as the source moves away.

• decreases in pitch (wavelengths lengthen); increases in pitch (wavelengths shorten)

• decreases in pitch (wavelengths shorten); increases in pitch (wavelengths lengthen)

• increases in pitch (wavelengths shorten); decreases in pitch (wavelengths lengthen)

• increases in pitch (wavelengths lengthen); decreases in pitch (wavelengths shorten)

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NGSS.HS-PS4-1

• air

• carbon dioxide

• steel

• glass

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NGSS.MS-PS4-2

Refraction is the bending of a wave as it passes at an angle from one medium to another. The wave bends because the speed of the wave changes between the first and the second medium. Which of the following diagrams correctly represents the refraction of a wave that moves faster in medium b than it does in medium a?

• 
• 
• 
• 

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NGSS.MS-PS4-2

Hanson yells across a ravine toward his cousin, who is on the other side. Sound waves from his mouth travel outward in all directions. Which of the following might cause the speed of the sound wave he generates to change?

• if it is made at a high frequency

• if it travels at a low frequency

• if it passes from the air into water

• if it moves through the air only

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NGSS.HS-PS4-1

NGSS.HS-PS4-5

Keesha is conducting an experiment in which she shines a beam of white light on a series of different materials in an otherwise dark room. She makes certain that each material is shaped into a sphere with a diameter of 3.0 centimeters. She also positions a light sensor so that it is aimed directly at each object she tests. Her experimental setup is illustrated below.

• how well each material refracts light waves

• the heat conductivity of each material

• how well each material reflects light waves

• the composition of white light

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NGSS.MS-PS4-2

• carbon dioxide

• air

• steel

• glass

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS4-2

Sometimes, law enforcement agencies try to disrupt certain radio signals by a process known as jamming. Jamming a radio signal prevents it from being received by its intended recipients as an intelligible message. In order to jam a radio message, a radio signal with the same frequency as the targeted signal is transmitted into the air. If the jamming works, the original radio wave will have its amplitude affected by its interaction with the jamming signal. A successful jamming signal will reduce the signal-to-noise ratio of the targeted signal to the point where the information it carries cannot be understood. Which wave property is used to jam radio signals?

• diffraction

• absorption

• interference

• resonance

Light comes in many different varieties, which are designated by their different wavelengths, as indicated below. Which of the following varieties of light would diffract the most around the corner of a solid barrier?

• a microwave

• an X-ray

• a gamma ray

• a visible light wave

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NGSS.HS-PS4-1