The Earth-Moon-Sun System

When the earth spins on its axis, it's called

• revolution

• orbiting

• rotation

• solstice

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

the star at the center of the Solar System that supplies heat and light to earth; its enormous gravity keep the Solar System in orbit.

• satellite
• sun
• craters
• moon

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a natural force that causes two objects to pull toward each other on their mass and the distance between them.

• gravity
• orbit
• atmosphere
• axis

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

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the path one object takes as it revolves (moves) around another object.

• gravity
• orbit
• rotate
• axis

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

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a natural satellite that orbits a planet. 

• sun
• atmosphere
• moon
• craters

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

to spin on an axis

• orbit
• rotate
• axis
• atmosphere

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

Thousands of years ago, people watched the movements of the Sun, moon, and the planets that were visible to them. Which statement BEST sums up what they concluded many years ago about how these bodies move in relation to one another?

• The moon stands still while the Earth and other planets revolve around it.

• Earth and the moon stand still while the other planets revolve around the Sun.

• Earth stands still while the Sun, moon, and other planets revolve around Earth.

• The Sun at the center of the solar system stands still while Earth, the moon, and the other planets revolve around it.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

The diagram shows the Moon in its complete orbit around Earth over a period of about 29 days. The Moon appears to have different shapes called phases. Which phases occur at points 1 and 5, and what is causing the phases?

• The new moon at point 1 and the full moon at point 5 are phases caused because the Moon changes its shape from night to night.

• The new moon at point 1 and the full moon at point 5 are phases when the Moon looks like it is changing shape as Earth goes around the Moon.

• The full moon at point 1 & new moon at point 5 are phases caused because half of the Moon is always lit by the Sun, but only part of the Moon’s lit surface can be seen as Moon orbits Earth & Earth orbits Sun.

• The new moon at point 1 & full moon at point 5 are phases caused because half of the Moon is always lit by the Sun, but only part of the Moon’s lit surface can be seen as Moon orbits Earth & Earth orbits Sun.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

Earth has seasons because

• its axis is tilted as it revolves around the sun

• it rotates on its axis as it revolves

• the moon exerts a gravitational force on it

• the relative positions of Earth, the sun, and the moon do not change

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

Which of the following is NOT a true statement about the force of gravity in the solar system?

• Gravitational attraction between Earth and the sun keeps Earth in orbit around the sun.

• Gravitational attraction between Earth and the moon keeps the moon in orbit around Earth.

• Differences in the strength of the sun's gravitational pull on Earth's two poles causes Earth to tilt and have seasons.

• Differences in the strength of the sun's gravitational pull at different points on Earth stretches Earth and causes tides.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS2-4