EOC Review Semester 1

This is one job proteins do not have in the body.

• structure for tissues and organs

• transport things through cell membranes

• speed up chemical reactions

• insulation

The diagram shows the general structure of an amino acid. Which type of molecule is formed from amino acids?

• lipids
• proteins
• carbohydrates
• nucleic acids

Many plants have waxy coatings on some surfaces. This coating reduces water loss because it is not water-permeable. This waxy coating is which of the following types of organic molecule?

• protein
• carbohydrate
• nucleic acid
•  lipid

The human body maintains a temperature of around 98.6 degrees at all times. Enzymes are involved in almost every chemical reaction in the body. Which of the following describes the connection between these two statements? 

• Enzymes function best at a specific temperature.
• The body needs to be warm to prevent hypothermia.
  
• The body is kept relatively warm to prevent too much enzyme action. 
• There is no connection between the two statements. 

 In living organisms, lipids function mainly as:

• Sources of stored energy and transmitters of genetic information
• Sources of stored energy and components of cellular membranes
• Transmitters of genetic information and catalysts of chemical reactions
• Catalysts of chemical reactions and components of cellular membranes

To convert the radiant energy of the sun into the chemical energy of glucose through the process of photosynthesis is a function of _________.

• Cell Wall
• Large Central Vacuole

• Chloroplast
• Mitochondria

Provides support and protection for the cell while also controlling the movement of materials in and out of the cell.

• Cellular Membrane
• Nucleus
• Ribosomes
• Vacuole

In _______ cells, the vacuole is large and located in the center of the cell.

• plant

• animal

• both plant and animal

• all

Consists of a jellylike substance that contains many organelles.

• ribosomes
• cytoplasm
• chloroplasts
• cell wall

The ____________ packages and processes material before it exports out of the cell.

• Vacuoles
• mitochondria
• Golgi apparatus 
• nucleus